Study the picture and answer the following questions:

(a) Identify the person in pictures (A) and (B) and name the religions found by them.

(b) Write two teachings of each religion found by them.

(c) Give two similarities and two dissimilarities between the two religion.

(a) The persons in pictures are:

      A → Gautam Buddha
      B → Mahavira

Gautam Buddha founded Buddhism and Mahavira founded Jainism.

(b) Two teaching of each religion are:

Buddhism

1. Ahimsa — Buddha preached ahimsa or non-violence. He asked his followers to practise non-violence and to lead an upright life.
2. Nirvana — The ultimate goal of life is to attain Nirvana or salvation. It is a peaceful state of mind, which conquers all diseases and makes a person free from the cycle of birth and death.

Jainism

1. Caste System — Mahavira preached universal brotherhood. He considered all men equal irrespective of their caste or creed.
2. Belief in God and Rituals — Mahavira did not believe in God or the Vedas. He opposed all forms of rituals and religious practices.

(c) Similarities between Buddhism and Jainism are:

1. Both did not accept the Vedas.
2. Both preached Ahimsa or non-violence.

Dissimilarities between Buddhism and Jainism are: