Study the picture and answer the following questions:

(a) Which movement is shown in this picture? Identify the event that triggered this movement.

(b) The British had a hidden agenda behind this event that triggered this movement. What was the hidden agenda?

(c) List the impact of the movement shown in this picture.

(a) The movement shown in this picture is Swadeshi movement.

The event that triggered this movement was partition of Bengal.

(b) The hidden agendas behind the Division of Bengal were:

1. Bengal was the nerve centre of Indian nationalism at that time. So the British hoped to stop the rising tide of nationalism by partitioning Bengal.
2. It was intended to curb Bengali influence by not only placing Bengalis under two administrations but by reducing them to a minority in Bengal itself.
3. It was meant to foster division on the basis of religion. East Bengal would be predominantly a Muslim majority state and West Bengal would have a Hindu Majority.

(c) Impacts of Swadeshi movement were:

1. It brought into politics new classes of people without any distinction of caste and creed. Many zamindars, women, students and Muslim leaders joined the movement.
2. It encouraged the establishment of indigenous industries for strengthening the country. Many Swadeshi stores were also setup across the country. This gave employment to a number of people.
3. It gave impetus to nationalist poetry, prose and journalism.
4. It gave education a national orientation by drawing a scheme of National education.
5. It brought nationalism from a realm of theory into the field of practical politics.