Study the picture given below and answer the questions:

(a) How does water get polluted?

(b) What is the effect of water pollution on human life?

(c) Mention one control measure to stop the pollution of water bodies.

(a) Water gets polluted due to:

• Factories and industrial facilities releasing pollutants such as chemicals, heavy metals, and toxins into water bodies.
• Pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers used in agriculture can wash into rivers, lakes, and streams through runoff, especially after heavy rainfall.

(b) Contaminated water can carry pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that cause waterborne diseases like cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A, and giardiasis. Long-term exposure to polluted water containing harmful chemicals, such as heavy metals (e.g., lead, mercury) and industrial pollutants, can result in chronic health issues.

(c) By ensuring that all industrial, agricultural, and municipal wastewater is properly treated before being released into water bodies, harmful pollutants and contaminants can be significantly reduced.