History & Civics
Using the following points, briefly describe the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920-22:
(a) Objective of this movement.
(b) Suspension of the movement in 1922.
(c) Any two far-reaching effects of this movement.
Answer
(a) The objectives of the Non-Cooperation Movement are given below:
- To attain self-government within the British Empire if possible and outside if necessary.
- Annulment of the Rowlatt Act and remedying the Punjab wrongs [express regret over Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy.]
- Remedying the Khilafat Wrong [Restore the old status of the Caliph]
- To cripple the government and to create hindfances that would make it difficult to function without the cooperation of the Indians.
(b) The Non-Cooperation Movement was withdrawn by Mahatma Gandhi after the Chauri Chaura incident (February 4, 1922), where a violent mob set a police station on fire, leading to the death of 22 policemen. Gandhiji felt that the movement was turning violent in many places. He believed in peaceful and non-violent protests, and the violent turn of events deeply distressed him.
(c) Two far-reaching effects of the Non-Cooperation movement are given below:
- The national movement became a mass movement as common people, peasants, workers, students, and women, all participated on a large scale.
- The movement promoted the use of Swadeshi goods, and urged Indians to boycott the British-made products. Khadi became a symbol of freedom. Takli and Charkha appeared in every house.
Related Questions
The Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy still remains a great blot on the fair name of the British Government in India. In this context, explain the following points :
(a) Its impact on the British Government.
(b) Its impact on launching the Non-Cooperation Movement by the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
With reference to the Non-Cooperation Movement started by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920, explain the following :
(a) Resentment against the Rowlatt Act of 1919.
(b) Widespread agitations against the Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy.
Under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, the Congress launched the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1920. Briefly describe the following :
(a) The Programme of the Movement
(b) The Chauri Chaura incident and its consequences
Gandhiji was a guiding force during India's struggle for freedom. In the light of this statement, explain:
(a) Gandhiji and the mass movements.
(b) Gandhiji's views on Satyagraha and Swadeshi.