What are the main causes of water pollution? How can it be controlled?

The main causes of water pollution are:

1. Chemical wastes from industrial and agricultural processes.
2. Thermal wastes from nuclear and thermal power plants.
3. Sewage and garbage disposed into water bodies.

It can be controlled by the following ways:

1. We should spread awareness and promote access to sanitation in rural areas and city slums to prevent open defecation.
2. Domestic sewage should be treated before being discharged into water bodies.
3. Waste products of industries should be treated before being discharged into water bodies.
4. Use non-biodegradable materials such as detergents, pesticides and polythene responsibly to avoid pollution of water and the environment.
5. Purification of water bodies should be done from time to time.
6. Washing of clothes, utensils, bathing of animals and human beings should be avoided in or near water sources.
7. Dead bodies of animals should be disposed off in a hygienic way.