History & Civics
What is meant by Swadeshi? Why did Gandhiji lay emphasis on Swadeshi?
Mahatma Gandhi
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Answer
Swadeshi means producing necessary items in one's own country and using them for one's use without being dependent on imported goods. Gandhiji believed that the use of Swadeshi goods would make us self-sufficient and eliminate our dependence on imported goods. Gandhiji emphasised manual labour and the use of the Charkha and Khadi. He popularised Swadeshi and Khadi by reviving hand spinning and hand weaving.
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Related Questions
Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow:
Being conscientiously of opinion that the Bills known as the Indian Criminal Law (Amendment) Bill No. I of 1919 and the Criminal Law (Emergency Powers) Bill No. II of 1919 are unjust, subversive of the principles of liberty and justice, and destructive of the elementary right of individuals on which the safety of the community, as a whole, and the State itself is based, we solemnly affirm that in the event of these Bills becoming law and until they are withdrawn, we shall refuse civility to obey these laws and such other laws as a Committee to be hereafter appointed may think fit, and we further affirm that in this struggle we will faithfully follow truth and refrain from violence to life, person or property.
—The Bombay Chronicle, March 4, 1920
(a) What name was given to the two Indian Criminal Law Bills mentioned in the excerpt above? Why have they been described as unjust?
(b) Which movement was started in 1920 after these bills were passed in the Central Legislature? State any two objectives of this movement.
The Manchester Guardian was the first to publish a report on the massacre, eight months later on December 13, 1919. The headline of this report read: "An Astonishing Story From India."
Which massacre is being talked about in the above newspaper report? When and where did this massacre take place?Assertion (A): Gandhiji called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922.
Reason (R): An unruly crowd burnt down a police station at Chauri-Chaura in 1922.
- Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- A is true, but R is false.
- A is false, but R is true.
Replace the underlined phrase with the correct option:
The objective of the Non-Cooperation Movement was to demobilise public opinion all over the country.
- to make the movement rare and unique.
- to provide an international base for Congress.
- to generate a wedge between Hindu-Muslim unity.
- to attain self-governance.