What is modem? Define the functioning of internal modem and external modem.

A MODEM (Modulator Demodulator) is an electronic device that enables a computer to transmit data over telephone lines. It is a device used to convert digital signals into analog signals and vice versa.

The functioning of internal modem and external modem is as follows:

1. Internal modem — These are attached to the internal slot of the motherboard. They modulate digital data into analog signals for transmission and demodulate incoming analog signals into digital data.
2. External modem — It is a small box connected to the communication port of the computer. It works similarly to the internal modem. The only difference is that it is placed outside the CPU box.