What is the effect of latitude on temperature?

Places close to the Equator have higher temperature and are warmer than places away from the equator. This is because, at the low latitude the Sun's rays are direct and have to travel a lesser extent through the atmosphere. Hence, the heat of these rays is more intense. But at higher latitudes, the Sun's rays are slanting and have to pass through a greater extent of atmosphere, due to which they lose their heat and are not intense.