Assertion (A) : Weight is the force with which the earth attracts a body.

Reason (R) : It is a measure of the quantity of matter contained in the body, at rest.

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. assertion is false but reason is true
4. assertion is true but reason is false

Assertion (A) : A swimmer pushes the water backward to move forward in a swimming pool.

Reason (R) : Water exerts a greater but opposite force on the swimmer, helping him to move forward.

1. both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
3. assertion is false but reason is true
4. assertion is true but reason is false

In a supermarket, Avantika could easily push an empty trolley but found it difficult to push a trolley full of groceries. The loaded trolley accelerated very slowly even when the same force was applied. To keep the trolley moving, she had to apply a greater force.

(a) Why did the loaded trolley accelerate less?

(b) According to you, which law of motion explains this observation?

(c) Why did Avantika have to apply a greater force to the loaded trolley?

(d) Correlate this event with one other similar example from daily life.

During the annual sports day, a game of tug of war was held. The two teams pulled the rope in opposite directions. Although the rope did not move initially for two minutes, both teams felt a strong pulling force.

(a) Why did both teams feel a pull?

(b) Which law of motion comes into play in the above situation?

(c) Name the forces acting in this situation.

(d) State two other examples of this force.