Duplication of data is termed as …………… .

1. Database Inconsistency
2. Data Redundancy
3. Data Integrity
4. Data Consistency

Which of the following data models is suitable for one-to-many relationship?

1. Relational
2. Network
3. Hierarchical
4. None of these

Which level of abstraction describes how the data is actually stored in the database?

1. External level
2. Conceptual level
3. Physical level
4. None of these

In …………… independence, any changes made in the table format do not change the data residing on the disc.

1. Physical
2. Logical
3. Network
4. None of these