How sand, salt and ammonium chloride will be separated from their mixture ? Explain.

(a) What is chromatography ? For which type of mixture is it used ?

(b) What are the advantages of chromatography ?

(c) Give two applications of chromatography.

Draw a well-labelled diagram to separate kerosene oil from water.

State the principles involved in the following methods used to separate the components of mixtures.

(a) Solvent extraction

(b) Gravity separation

(c) Fractional crystallisation

(d) Fractional distillation

Also give one example of a mixture separated by employing the above methods.