History & Civics
With reference to local self-government in rural areas, answer the following question:
(a) Name important local self-government institutions.
(b) What is the significance of self-government institutions?
(c) Mention any four salient features of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act,1992.
Rural Self-Government
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Answer
(a) Important local self-government institutions are:
- Gram Panchayats at village level.
- Panchayat Samiti at block level.
- Zila Parishad at District level.
- Nyaya Panchayat
(b) The local self-government institutions play an important role in the functioning of democracy at grassroot level. These institutions provide the foundations on which the entire democratic structure of our country stands. The local institutions provide a training ground for local leadership. They facilitate active participation of the local people as an individual can evaluate the performance of the elected representatives.
(c) Four salient features of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act,1992 are:
- To provide three-tier system of Panchayati Raj for all States having population of over 20 lakh.
- To hold Panchayat elections regularly every five years.
- To provide reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and women.
- To constitute State Finance Commissions every five years to make recommendations on financial powers of the Panchayats.
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