With reference to the chief features of the Harappan Civilisation, answer the following:

(a) Any three characteristic features of town planning.

(b) Three special features of the houses of the people.

(c) Mention any two common elements between Mohenjo-daro and Harappa.

(a) Three Characteristic features of town planning of Harappan Civilization are:

1. Each city was divided into two parts- the raised area (citadel) and the lower town.
2. House drains emptied all waste water into the street drains.
3. The streets crossed the main road at right angles, dividing the roads into square or rectangular blocks.

(b) Three special features of the houses of the people are:

1. The buildings had a deep foundation and were constructed according to a set plan on high mounds in order to protect them from floods.
2. The houses were made of brick and wood. Each house had doors, windows and ventilators. Doors and windows opened on the side of the streets and not on the main roads.
3. The size of houses varied from a single room tenements to bigger houses with courtyards, upto twelve rooms, private wells and toilets. Each house had covered drains connected to street drains.

(c) The two common elements between Mohenjo-daro and Harappa are:

1. Both cities are located on river banks — Mohenjo-daro on the right bank of the Indus, and Harappa on left bank of the Ravi.
2. Both measured around 5.0 km in circuit.