Classification of Animals

Identify the aquatic animal with scaly skin which breathe with gills:

1. Rohu
2. Tortoise
3. Sparrow
4. Rat

Answer

Rohu

Reason — Rohu is a fish.
Tortoise, Sparrow and rat breathes with lungs.

Identify the bird which cannot fly:

1. Peacock
2. House sparrow
3. Ostrich
4. Pigeon

Answer

Ostrich

Reason — Ostrich is a flightless bird.
Peacock can fly short distances. House sparrow can fly. Pigeon is a strong flying bird.

Identify the animal which is not an Arthropod:

1. Prawn
2. Butterfly
3. Earthworm
4. Spider

Answer

Earthworm

Reason — Earthworm is classified under Annelids.
Prawn is a Arthropod (Crustacea). Butterfly is a Arthropod (Insecta). Spider is a Arthropod (Arachnida).

Which of the following organisms is not an invertebrate ?

1. Round worm
2. Butterfly
3. Sea anemone
4. Lizard

Answer

Lizard

Reason — Lizards belong to Class Reptilia and are vertebrates.
Roundworm, Butterfly and Sea anemone are Invertebrate.

Liver fluke belongs to :

1. Nematoda
2. Platyhelminthes
3. Annelida
4. Cnidaria

Answer

Platyhelminthes

Reason — Liver fluke belongs to Platyhelminthes.
Nematoda have a complete digestive system, but liver flukes have incomplete digestive system. Annelida are segmented worms with ring-like body divisions but liver fluke is not segmented. Cnidaria are radially symmetrical animals and have stinging cells.

Which of the following structures is not found in the body of birds ?

1. Teeth
2. Scales
3. Beak
4. Claws

Answer

Teeth

Reason — Birds have jaws provided with horny beak but have no teeth.
Birds have scales on their legs and feet. The beak (bill) is a defining feature of birds. It is used for feeding, preening, defense, and other functions. Birds have claws on their toes, especially in perching, hunting, and grasping species.

The locomotory structures of Echinoderms are :

1. Tentacles
2. Jointed legs
3. Fins
4. Tube feet

Answer

Tube feet

Reason — Echinoderms move with the help of tube feet.
Tentacles are found in animals like Hydra, jellyfish, and cephalopods (octopus, squid). Echinoderms do not use tentacles for movement.Jointed legs are a characteristic of Arthropoda, Echinoderms do not have jointed appendages. Fins are locomotory structures in fish, Echinoderms are not fish and do not have fins.

Radial symmetry can be found in :

1. Coelenterata
2. Platyhelminthes
3. Echinodermata
4. Both (1) and (3)

Answer

Both (1) and (3)

Reason — Both Coelenterata and Echinodermata have radially symmetrical bodies.
Platyhelminthes show bilateral symmetry, not radial.

Which class of vertebrates have animals with dry and scaly skin ?

1. Aves
2. Amphibia
3. Reptilia
4. Pisces

Answer

Reptilia

Reason — Reptiles have dry and scaly skin.
Birds have dry skin, but it is not scaly like reptiles. Amphibians have moist, smooth skin. Fishes have moist, slimy skin with scales, but not dry skin.

What is the main distinguishing feature of arachnids ?

1. Six legs
2. Segmented body
3. Nephridia
4. Four pairs of legs

Answer

Four pairs of legs

Reason — Arachnids have four pairs of jointed legs.
Six legs are a feature of Insects. Arachnids do have a body divided into two main regions (cephalothorax and abdomen). Nephridia are excretory organs found in annelids.

Assertion (A): Tapeworm has a long, ribbon-like segmented body that can occur in human intestines as a parasite.

Reason (R): Tapeworm belongs to the phylum annilida (segmented worms). It breathes with the help of moist skin.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Answer

A is true but R is false.

Reason — A is true as Tapeworm has a long, ribbon-like, segmented body. It lives as a parasite in the human intestine.
R is false as tapeworm does not belong to Annelida. It belongs to Platyhelminthes.

Therefore, A is true but R is false is the correct option.

Assertion (A): An insect's body is divided into three regions - head, thorax and abdomen.

Reason (R): The division of an insect's body in three parts is very suitable for its locomotion as one pair of legs is attached with each body part with proper gap / space.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Answer

A is true but R is false.

Reason — A is true as insect's body is divided into three regions - head, thorax and abdomen.
R is false as insects have three pairs of legs, and all legs are attached only to the thorax, not one pair on each body part. Head and abdomen do not bear legs.

Therefore, A is true but R is false is the correct option.

Assertion (A): Most animals move from one place to another mainly in search of food or shelter but plants do not move.

Reason (R): Animals are heterotrophs whereas plants are autotrophs. Hence, plants are capable of making their own food and do not move from one place to another.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Reason — A is true as most animals show locomotion (movement from one place to another) in search of food, shelter, and mates. Plants are generally fixed in one place (sessile) and do not move from place to place.
R is true as animals are heterotrophs and depend on other organisms for food, so they need to move in search of it. Plants are autotrophs and prepare their own food, so they generally do not move from one place to another.

Therefore, Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A is the correct option.

Assertion (A): Tortoises and crocodiles belong to the class - amphibia of the phylum chordata.

Reason (R): They can live in water as well as on the land and reproduce successfully.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Answer

A is false but R is true.

Reason — A is false as tortoises and crocodiles do not belong to class Amphibia. They belong to Class Reptilia under Phylum Chordata.
R is true as tortoises and crocodiles can live both on land and in water. They reproduce successfully.

Therefore, A is false but R is true is the correct option.

Assertion (A): Most mammals give birth to young ones and feed them with milk produced in the mother's mammary glands.

Reason (R): Aquatic and flying mammals do not feed their babies with milk as their surroundings make it difficult.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
3. A is true but R is false.
4. A is false but R is true.

Answer

A is true but R is false.

Reason — A is true as most mammals are viviparous. They feed their young with milk produced by mammary glands.
R is false as all mammals, including aquatic (e.g., whales, dolphins) and flying mammals (bats), do feed their young with milk. The environment does not prevent milk feeding.

Therefore, A is true but R is false is the correct option.

Name one example each of an animal which shows the following characteristics:

1. Fixed animal with a pore-bearing body
2. Star-shaped body
3. Can live in water as well as on land
4. Has a flattened ribbon-like body

Answer

1. Fixed animal with a pore-bearing body — Sponge

2. Star-shaped body — Starfish

3. Can live in water as well as on land — Frog

4. Has a flattened ribbon-like body — Tapeworm

Match the animals given under column A with their respective classification group given under column B.

Answer

Categorise the following animals under their appropriate columns of classfication:

ANIMALS :

Answer

CLASSIFICATION :

• Butterfly, Grasshopper, Honeybee and Scorpion are Arthropods.

Animals cannot prepare their own food. What scientific name is given to such organisms.

Answer

The scientific name for such organisms is Heterotrophs.

Identify the phylum/ class with the help of the following clues and give one example of each.

1. Body is covered by a slimy and slippery skin.
2. Body bears many tiny pores.
3. Body has jointed legs.
4. Animals swim with the help of fins.
5. Body has special excretory organs called nephridia.

Answer

1. Amphibia
   Example — Frogs

2. Porifera
   Example — Sponge

3. Arthropoda
   Example — Crabs

4. Pisces
   Example — Rohu

5. Annelida
   Example — Earthworms

Given below are sets of four terms. Choose the odd one and write the category of the remaining terms :

1. Jellyfish, Dogfish, Sea anemone, Hydra
2. Electric ray fish, Dogfish, Starfish, Shark
3. Myriapoda, Mammalia, Arachnida, Crustacea
4. Turtle, Tortoises, Crocodiles, Frog
5. Sucker, Tube feet, Muscular foot, Fins

Answer

1. Odd one — Dogfish
   Category of the remaining terms — Coelenterata

2. Odd one — Starfish
   Category of the remaining terms — Pisces

3. Odd one — Mammalia
   Category of the remaining terms — Arthropoda

4. Odd one — Frog
   Category of the remaining terms — Reptiles

5. Odd one — Fins
   Category of the remaining terms — Locomotory structures in invertebrates

Correct the following statements by changing the first/last word only :

1. Amphibians breathe through lungs and gills.
2. Slimy scales are found on the body of reptiles.
3. Fins are covered and protected by an operculum.
4. Ascaris is a segmented flatworm.
5. Insects have four pairs of jointed legs.

Answer

1. Amphibians breathe through lungs and skin.
2. Slimy scales are found on the body of fish.
3. Gills are covered and protected by an operculum.
4. Ascaris is an unsegmented roundworm.
5. Arachnids have four pairs of jointed legs.

Name the following:

1. Eight phyla of Invertebrates
2. Five classes of Vertebrates
3. Four classes of Arthropoda
4. Three main regions of the body of Arthropods
5. Three flightless birds

Answer

1. Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Echinodermata.
2. Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia.
3. Crustacea, Myriapoda, Insecta, and Arachnida.
4. Head, Thorax, and Abdomen.
5. Ostrich, Penguin, and Kiwi.

Define the terms given below :

1. Heterotrophs
2. Locomotion
3. Invertebrates
4. Vertebrates
5. Mammals

Answer

1. Heterotrophs — Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms.

2. Locomotion — Most animals move from one place to another mainly in search of food or shelter. Such a movement is called locomotion.

3. Invertebrates — The animals that do not have a back bone are called invertebrates.

4. Vertebrates — Animals with a backbone (vertebral column) are called vertebrates.

5. Mammals — Mammals are animals that gives birth to young ones (babies), and feeds its young on milk from the mother's body. Mammals have body covered with hair, possess projecting external ears, have four limbs, and a tail (except humans).

Write one important function of the following structures along with the group (phyla/ class) of animals in which they are found:

1. Tentacles
2. Nephridia
3. Gills
4. Muscular foot
5. Mammary glands

Answer

1. Tentacles — Tentacles are found in Cnidarians. These finger-like projections surrounding the mouth, called tentacles help in catching food and swimming.

2. Nephridia — Nephridia are found in Annelids. Nephridia are special organs for excretion.

3. Gills — Gills are found in Class Pisces. Gills help fishes breathe.

4. Muscular foot — Muscular foot is found in Molluscs. Mulluscs move with the help of a muscular foot.

5. Mammary glands — Mammary glands are found in mammals (females). Young ones suckle milk from mammary glands present in mothers.

Give two examples of each of the following:

1. Amphibians
2. Segmented worms
3. Reptiles
4. Coelenterates
5. Arthropods
6. Flatworms

Answer

1. Amphibians — Frog, Toad

2. Segmented worms — Earthworm, Leech

3. Reptiles — Lizard, Snake

4. Coelenterates — Hydra, Jellyfish

5. Arthropods — Prawn, Ant

6. Flatworms — Tapeworm, Liverfluke

Give names of two animals which are found as parasites inside the human intestine.

Answer

Two animals which are found as parasites inside the human intestine are Tapeworm and Roundworm.

Write one difference between Porifera and Coelenterata.

Answer

Write one difference between Arthropoda and Mollusca.

Answer

Write one difference between Invertebrates and Vertebrates.

Answer

Write one difference between Platyhelminthes and Nematoda.

Answer

Draw a neat diagram of a fish and label the five kinds of fins, operculum and mouth. Answer the following questions :

1. Name the phylum and the class to which fishes belong.
2. What is the one advantage of their specific body shape ?
3. Do they breathe through nostrils ? If not, mention the role of nostrils.
4. Mention the breathing and locomotory structures in fishes.
5. Give any two examples of fishes.

Answer

Diagram of fish is given below —

1. Fishes belong to Class Pisces of Phylum Chordata.

2. Their streamlined body, which is narrow at both ends help reduce water resistance, allowing for more efficient and faster swimming.

3. Fishes do not breathe through nostrils, but through gills. Fish nostrils are used to detect chemicals in the water, aiding in finding food, identifying potential mates, and detecting danger.

4. Fishes breathe through the gills. The locomotory structures in fishes are their fins, which help in swimming.

5. Two examples of fishes are — Rohu and Catla.

Given alongside are the figures of two organisms. Study the organisms and answer the following questions :

1. Name the organisms [A] and [B].
2. Label the guidelines 1 and 2.
3. Do they belong to the same phylum ? If yes, name the phylum.
4. What are the two important functions of part 1 ?
5. Mention the mode of reproduction shown in figure [B]. Is it a kind of asexual or sexual reproduction ?

Answer

1. Organism [A] is Sea-anemone, and Organism [B] is Hydra.

2. The guidelines 1 and 2 show:
   1 → Tentacles
   2 → Mouth

3. Yes, they both belong to the same Phylum, i.e. Cnidaria of Invertebrates.

4. Two important functions of Tentacles are:

   1. Tentacles help in catching food.
   2. Tentacles help in swimming.

5. We can see budding in Hydra, which is a form of asexual reproduction. This process involves the development of a new individual from an outgrowth or bud on the parent's body.

The figure given alongside represents an animal. Study the same and answer the following questions :

1. Name the animal and write the phylum to which it belongs.
2. Mention the locomotory structure of the animal.
3. What kind of symmetry is found in the body of this animal ?
4. Write a suitable habitat where animals of this phylum are found.
5. Mention one characteristic feature of the body of this animal.

Answer

1. The given figure shows a Starfish. It belongs to phylum Echinodermata.

2. The locomotory structure present in Starfish are Tube feet.

3. Starfish are radially symmetrical.

4. Echinoderms are mainly found in marine habitat.

5. Starfish body is rough, spiny and radially symmetrical.

Given alongside is the figure of an animal. Study the same and answer the following questions :

1. Name the animal.
2. Write the phylum and class to which this animal belongs.
3. Mention one distinguishing feature of this phylum.
4. Give two more examples of organisms belonging to this phylum.
5. Are these animals cold-blooded or warm-blooded ? Explain.

Answer

1. The animal shown in the given figure is Rabbit.

2. Rabbit belongs to Class Mammalia of Phylum Chordata.

3. A key distinguishing feature of the phylum Chordata is the presence of a backbone (vertebral column).

4. Two more examples of organisms belonging to Phylum Chordata are — Tiger and Elephant.

5. Rabbits, like all mammals, are warm-blooded (endothermic), meaning they can regulate their body temperature internally.

Give three characteristic features of Amphibians which help to differentiate them from fishes.

Answer

Three characteristic features of Amphibians which help to differentiate them from fishes are:

1. They can live in water as well as on land.
2. They breathe through lungs and skin.
3. Body is covered by a slimy and slippery skin

Why fishes are said to have a streamlined body? Name their respiratory organs.

Answer

The fishes have streamlined body which means that their body is narrow at both ends. This helps them to swim by minimizing the resistance of water.

The respiratory organ of fish is gills.

Give two characteristic features of birds which enable them to fly. Name any two birds which cannot fly.

Answer

Two characteristic features of birds which enable them to fly are:

1. Their bones are hollow and light which make their body light.
2. They have wings to fly.

Two birds which cannot fly are Ostrich and Kiwi.

While watering the garden, Renu spotted a shiny black ant dragging a crumb almost twice its size. She noticed its segmented body, six jointed legs and a tough outer covering that glistened in the sunlight. Curious, she followed the ant as it rushed back towards its anthill.

(a) Name the phylum to which this organism belongs.

(b) What are the three body segments found in black ants ?

(c) What is the hard outer covering made of ?

(d) Give two more examples of organisms from the same phylum.

(e) What are the sensory structures present on the ant's head called ?

Answer

(a) The black ant belongs to the phylum Arthropoda.

(b) The three body segments are head, thorax and abdomen.

(c) The hard outer covering is made of chitin, that forms the exoskeleton.

(d) Two more examples of organisms from the same phylum are spider and butterfly.

(e) The sensory structures present on the ant's head are called antennae.