The American Civil War

Read the two statements given below about the American Civil War. Select the option that shows the correct relationship between (A) and (R).

Assertion (A): Nearly all the fighting had taken place on the Southern soil, due to which they suffered heavy damages.

Reason (R): There was a period of reconstruction and it took a few decades for the Southern states to recover from the wounds of the Civil War.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other

Answer

(R) is the reason for (A)

Explanation — Nearly all the fighting during the Civil War took place on Southern soil, which caused significant damage to the South. This is why there was a period of reconstruction, and it took decades for the Southern states to recover from the damages caused by the war.

Identify the major results of the American Civil War.

P: Abolition of slavery

Q: Speeded up the economic reconstruction of the country

R: End of racial discrimination or apartheid

S: Introduction of Five Year Plan

1. P and Q
2. R and S
3. P and R
4. Q and S

Answer

P and Q

Pooja is preparing a speech on the American Civil War. Which of the following person's contribution she must mention in her speech?

1. James Madison
2. Martin Van Buren
3. Andrew Jackson
4. Abraham Lincoln

Answer

Abraham Lincoln

Which of the following events is being depicted by the given picture?

1. Army prize distribution ceremony, Dallas
2. Zurich Court House, 1895
3. Surrender of Robert Lee at Appomattox Court House, 1865
4. People celebrating abolition of slavery

Answer

Surrender of Robert Lee at Appomattox Court House, 1865

Identify the ODD ONE out of the following main personalities associated with American Civil War.

1. Ulysses S. Grant
2. Franklin D. Roosevelt
3. Robert Lee
4. Abraham Lincoln

Answer

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Rubin is preparing a project on "American Civil War". Which of the following aspects she is MOST LIKELY to highlight?

1. Arms race
2. Industralisation
3. Colonialism
4. Slavery

Answer

Slavery

Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer.

Statement I: Anti-slavery movements in the North made relations worse between North and South.

Statement II: The words of Abraham Lincoln have became a definition of democracy today.

1. Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect.
2. Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct.
3. Both statements (I) and (II) are incorrect.
4. Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.

Answer

Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.

Which among the following statements is incorrect?

1. The Southern states wanted no interference by the Federal Government in the state affairs.
2. Abraham Lincoln became the President during the most critical period of American history.
3. The Anti Slavery Movement of 1840 was a great threat to the South.
4. Before the Civil War, the prevalence of slavery in the North became a controversial issue.

Answer

Before the Civil War, the prevalence of slavery in the North became a controversial issue.

The term 'Confederate States' is associated with.

1. The eleven Southern States of the USA which started the American Civil War.
2. The nine Southern States of the USA which started the American Civil War.
3. The eleven Northern States of the USA which started the American Civil War.
4. The nine Southern States of the USA which started the American Civil War.

Answer

The eleven Southern States of the USA which started the American Civil War.

Who among the following was the Commander-in-Chief of the Confederate Army?

1. George Washington
2. Robert E. Lee
3. Mathew George
4. William Smith

Answer

Robert E. Lee

Fill in the blanks.

1. President Lincoln was assassinated in the year ............... .

2. The Northern states were mainly ............... but in the South ............... was the most important occupation.

3. The Southern farmers grew ............... and ............... .

4. The Confederacy General ............... surrendered to the Union General ............... .

Answer

1. 1865

2. industrial, agriculture

3. cotton, tobacco

4. Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant

Match Column A with Column B.

Answer

State whether the following statements are True or False.

1. When the Civil War broke out, the whole country practised slavery.

2. Uncle Tom's Cabin, a novel, highlighted the ugly side of slavery.

3. The Question of States' Rights was also a cause of the Civil War.

4. The Southern states established a new nation - the Confederate States of America.

5. Abraham Lincoln is remembered for abolishing slavery and saving the Union.

Answer

1. False
   Correct Statement — When the Civil War broke out, the Southern states practised slavery.

2. True

3. True

4. True

5. True

Why was slavery important for the Southern States?

Answer

The main occupation in the South was farming, and the Southern farmers used slaves to work in the fields.

Name the states which established the Confederation.

Answer

The Southern states, including South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas, seceded from the Union and formed a new nation called the Confederate States of America.

Describe Abraham Lincoln's role in the Civil War.

Answer

Abraham Lincoln became President during a critical period when the Union was breaking apart and a civil war threatened the country. He took office in 1861 and led the nation to peace and reunion, fighting the war to save the Union and to abolish slavery. Despite having almost no support in the South, he guided the country with dedication and devotion, growing in power and greatness as he confronted the challenges of the Civil War.

Why did the North oppose slavery?

Answer

The Northern states opposed slavery for several reasons:

1. Moral and Ethical Reasons: Many people in the North, influenced by abolitionist movements, believed that slavery was immoral and inhumane.
2. Economic Differences: The North was largely industrialized and did not rely on slave labour, unlike the agrarian South that depended on slavery for its plantations.
3. Social Reform Movements: Religious groups and reformers in the North actively campaigned against slavery, seeing it as contrary to democratic and human rights principles.
4. The North supported Lincoln and his anti-slavery stance, which contributed to their opposition to slavery.

Describe the three main causes of the Civil War.

Answer

The three main causes of the American Civil War were:

1. Slavery: The Southern states depended on slavery for their economy, especially on large plantations of cotton, tobacco, and sugarcane. The North opposed slavery, considering it morally wrong, and the growing Anti-Slavery Movement intensified tensions.
2. States’ Rights: Southern states wanted no interference by the federal government in their affairs. They claimed the right to reject any federal law they disliked, which created a conflict with the Union.
3. Secession: After Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860, Southern states such as South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America, leading directly to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861.

What were the main results of the Civil War?

Answer

The main results of the Civil War were:

1. Heavy damages in the South: Nearly all the fighting took place on Southern soil, causing widespread destruction.
2. Reconstruction of the South: A period of reconstruction followed, and it took several decades for the Southern states to recover.
3. Abolition of slavery: Slavery was officially abolished in the United States.
4. End of secession: The problem of secession ended, and the federal government became the supreme authority in the country.
5. Economic reconstruction: The war accelerated the economic reconstruction of the United States on an unprecedented scale.

(i) Identify the personality.

(ii) Why is he considered one of the greatest Presidents of USA?

(iii) Do you agree with the definition of democracy as given by him?

Answer

(i) The personality is Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States.

(ii) He is considered one of the greatest Presidents because he led the nation during the Civil War, abolished slavery, preserved the Union, and served with dedication and devotion. His leadership and vision helped heal the divisions in the country.

(iii) Yes. Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as a government “of the people, by the people, for the people.” This emphasizes popular sovereignty, accountability, and equality, which are the core principles of a true democracy.

Assertion (A): The Civil War broke out between the Northern and Southern States of the USA in 1961.

Reason (R): The prevalence of slavery was a controversial issue.

1. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
4. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Answer

Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Explanation — The Civil War began in 1861 due to growing tensions between the North and South, primarily over the issue of slavery, which the Southern economy depended on and the North opposed.

Assertion (A): The Civil War cost more American lives than any other war in history.

Reason (R): The Civil War was fought between the industrialised northern states and the agricultural southern states of America.

1. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
2. Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
3. Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
4. Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Answer

Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

Explanation — The Civil War resulted in more American deaths than any other war because of its scale and intensity, not merely because of the differences between the North and South. While it is true that the war was fought between the industrialized northern states and the agricultural southern states, this economic and cultural difference explains why the war happened, not why it was so deadly.