History & Civics
(a) Identify the person in the picture and state what he is popularly known as.
(b) What was India's political goal according to Surendranath Banerjee? What were the methods he advocated to attain it?
(c) What was his contribution to India's freedom struggle?
1ˢᵗ Phase of INM
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Answer
(a) The person shown in the picture is Surendranath Banerjee. He is popularly known as the 'Father of the Indian Nationalism'.
(b) India's political goal according to Surendranath Banerjee was self-government.
He advocated the use of constitutional methods for the attainment of India's goals. His famous saying was, "Opposition where necessary, co-operation when possible." He used the following methods to attain India's political goal-
- To fight against the wrong policies of the British, he founded the Indian Association in 1876.
- In order to create an all-India political organisation, Surendranath convened the Indian National Conference in 1883 at Kolkata. Surendranath Banerjee's Indian National Conference merged with the Indian National Congress in 1886 as both organisations had similar objectives.
- Banerjee edited a newspaper, Bengalee, which served as a powerful medium for mobilising public opinion. His book, Nation in the Making, gives an account of his political concern and his views about self-government.
(c) Surendranath Banerjee's contribution to India's freedom struggle is quite significant. He contributed to the Indian National Movement in the following ways-
- To fight against the wrong policies of the British, he founded the Indian Association in 1876.
- In order to create an all-India political organisation, Surendranath convened the Indian National Conference in 1883 at Kolkata. Surendranath Banerjee's Indian National Conference merged with the Indian National Congress in 1886 as both organisations had similar objectives.
- Banerjee edited a newspaper, Bengalee, which served as a powerful medium for mobilising public opinion. His book, Nation in the Making, gives an account of his political concern and his views about self-government.
- Banerjee started agitation against the Licence Act, Arms Act, Vernacular Press Act and against lowering the age from 21 to 19 years to appear in the I.C.S. Examination.
- He opposed the Morley-Minto Reforms of 1909 which introduced separate electorates for the Hindus and the Muslims.
- He also opposed the division of Bengal by Lord Curzon in 1905.
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Related Questions
Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow:
The romance is that there is security of life and property in India; the reality is that there is no such thing. There is security of life and property in one sense or way — i.e., the people are secure from any violence from each other or from Native despots… But from England's own grasp there is no security of property at all and, as a consequence, no security for life. India’s property is not secure. What is secure, and well secure, is that England is perfectly safe and secure, and does so with perfect security, to carry away from India, and to eat up in India, her property at the present rate of 30,0000,000 or 40,000,000 a year, …. I therefore venture to submit that India does not enjoy security of her property and life…. To millions in India life is simply 'half-feeding', or starvation, or famine and disease.
— Dadabhai Naoroji(a) Who was Dadabhai Naoroji? According to Dadabhai Naoroji, in what sense ‘security of life and property’ prevails in India?
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