Choose the options that were not a part of the Queen Victoria's Proclamation

P: All subjects of the Queen would be treated as equals.
Q: A general pardon to all those who were a part of the 1857 uprising.
R: Policy of non-intervention in social and religious matters.
S: Continue political expansion with the Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliance.

1. P and Q
2. Q and R
3. R and S
4. Q and S

(A) From mid-18th century till 1857, one part of the country or the other rose in revolt against the British policies which harmed the interests of the Indians belonging to all the segments of Indian society.

(R) Although these revolts were local, scattered and isolated, they established a local tradition of struggle against the foreign rule.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other

(A) Lord Dalhousie justified the annexation of Awadh as “the good of the governed.”

(R) The people of Awadh had to pay higher land revenue and additional taxes on food, houses and ferries.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other

(A) The British introduced modern innovations like railways and telegraph in India in the mid-19th century.

(R) The British introduced these innovations to modernise India.

1. (R) contradicts (A)
2. (R) is the reason for (A)
3. (A) is true but (R) is false
4. (A) and (R) are independent of each other