Biology
Define the terms:
(a) Immunity
(b) Antibodies
(c) Prophylaxis
(d) Vaccine
(e) Immunisation
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Answer
(a) Immunity is the resistance to the onset of a disease after infection by harmful germs.
(b) Antibodies are special types of proteins that are present in our body or are formed in response to any infection or toxin.
(c) Prophylaxis is the prevention of disease through vaccines, medications, hygiene practices, lifestyle changes, and other strategies to reduce the risk and impact of illness.
(d) Vaccine is a biological formulation that consist of dead or weakened disease causing organism that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.
(e) Developing resistance to disease-producing germs or their toxins by introducing killed germs or germ substances to induce the production of specific antibodies.
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Write the full forms of the following abbreviations:
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(c) DPT
(d) DDT
(e) WHO
(f) HIV
(g) STD
(h) WBC
(i) TAB
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Name:
(a) Five antiseptics
(b) Five disinfectants
(c) Two antibiotics
(d) Two sulpha drugs
(e) Two sexually transmitted diseases
Correct the following statements by changing the first/last word only:
(a) Lysol is an antibiotic.
(b) The treatment of diseases by the use of chemical substances is known as allopathy.
(c) RBCs are germ-fighting cells of our body.
(d) Antiseptics are the proteins that belong to the class of immunoglobulins.
(e) BCG vaccines are given to small babies orally.
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1 – 10.
Vaccine Disease(s) The nature of vaccine TAB 1. __ 2. __ Salk’s vaccine 3. __ 4. __ BCG 5. __ Living weakened germs Vaccine for measles Measles 6. __ Cowpox virus 7. __ 8. __ Toxoids 9. and
10.Inactivated toxins
secreted by bacteria