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A hydrocarbon with the formula CxHy undergoes complete combustion as shown in the following equation:

2CxHy + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

(a) What are the values of ‘x’ and ‘y’?

(b) Give the chemical (IUPAC) name of the hydrocarbon.

(c) Is CxHy a saturated or an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

(d) Name the alcohol which on heating with conc. H2SO4 will produce the above hydrocarbon CxHy.

(e) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of CxHy with hydrogen gas in presence of Nickel.

Organic Chemistry

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Answer

(a) From conservation of mass,

Number of carbon atoms on L.H.S. = Number of carbon atoms on R.H.S

⇒ 2x = 6

⇒ x = 62\dfrac{6}{2} = 3

Also,

Number of hydrogen atoms on L.H.S. = Number of hydrogen atoms on R.H.S

⇒ 2y = 2 x 6 = 12

⇒ y = 122\dfrac{12}{2} = 6

So the hydrocarbon is C3H6.

(b) IUPAC name of C3H6 is Propene.

(c) CxHy = C3H6 is an unsaturated hydrocarbon as it fits the general formula CnH2n and contains a C=C double bond, so it undergoes addition reactions.

(d) Propanol.

(e) Hydrogenation with Ni:

CH2=CH−CH3+H2→NiCH3−CH2−CH3\text {CH}2=\text {CH}-\text {CH}3 + \text H2 \xrightarrow {\text {Ni}} \text {CH}3-\text {CH}2-\text {CH}3

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