Assertion (A): Both kwashiorkor and marasmus are caused due to the deficiency of fat. Usually, old aged people are affected with these diseases.

Reason (R): Kwashiorkor and marasmus are protein deficiency diseases usually affecting children.

1. A is True and R is False.
2. A is False and R is True.
3. Both A and R are True.
4. Both A and R are False.

Given below is a photo of a child suffering from a deficiency disease. Read the information below and fill in the blanks.

Proteins are large chemical molecules which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Proteins provide the chemical materials for the growth and repair of body cells and tissues. Its deficiency leads to some severe diseases.

(a) …………… is a disease caused due to the deficiency of (b) …………… , (c) …………… and proteins in the diet. This disease usually affects infants below the age of (d) …………… year(s). In this disease, the skin becomes loosely folded and (e) …………… appear prominent.

Name the mineral element that is needed for the following respectively:

(i) Strong teeth

(ii) Proper working of thyroid

(iii) Synthesis of haemoglobin

(iv) Production of chemical energy (ATP)

(v) Cell permeability, especially in nerve cells

Name the nutrients whose deficiencies cause the following diseases in humans:

1. Pernicious anemia
2. Pellagra
3. Night blindness
4. Goiter
5. kwashiorkor