History & Civics
Read the passage given below and answer the following questions.
After the surrender of Germany, the Allies issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or to face destruction. Japan did not pay any heed to that. So two atom bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, 1945. The great destruction forced Japan to surrender. After Japan's surrender the war came to an end in 1945.
(a) Why did Germany surrender?
(b) Why did Japan surrender ultimately?
(c) Why were the atom bombs dropped on Japan?
Answer
(a) The Allies began air raids on Germany in June 1944. By August, they had recaptured Paris and liberated France from German occupation. Subsequently, German forces were forced to withdraw from Belgium and Holland. At the same time, Russia attacked Germany from the east, making it difficult for Germany to fight on two fronts. Facing defeat, Hitler committed suicide in April 1945. Shortly after, on May 7, 1945, German forces surrendered unconditionally to the Allies.
(b) Japan surrendered ultimately because the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, causing massive destruction and loss of life. This forced Japan to surrender to avoid further devastation.
(c) The atom bombs were dropped on Japan because Japan refused to surrender after the Allies issued an ultimatum. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 led to Japan's unconditional surrender and brought World War II to an end.
Related Questions
With reference to the causes of the Second World War, explain the following :
(a) Unjust Treaty of Versailles.
(b) Clash of imperialistic interests.
(c) Weakening of the League of Nations.
With reference to the results of the Second World War, explain the following :
(a) Effects of the Second World War on Japan.
(b) Effects of the Second World War on Britain and France.
(c) Effects of the Second World War on Germany.
With reference to the effects of the Second World War, explain the following :
(a) Cold war and the Berlin Blocade.
(b) United Nations organisation
With reference to the given picture, answer the following questions :
(a) The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and its aftermath.
(b) Why did USA drop atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?
(c) Describe its effects on Japan and the World.