History & Civics
With reference to the Civil Courts in a district, answer the following :
(a) How are Civil Courts organised in a district?
(b) How do they work?
Subordinate Courts
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Answer
(a) Civil courts in a district are structured in a hierarchial system to ensure orderly administration of justice. The structure in ascending, is as given below:
- Courts of Small Causes
- Munsif's Court or Court of Sub-Judge (Second class)
- Court of Subordinate Civil Judge (First class)
- Additional District Judge (ADJ)
- District Judge (DJ)
(b) The court of the District Judge is the highest civil court in a district. The District Judge and Additional District Judge oversee civil courts in the district. These courts are further graded from the lowest level to the district level.
Civil courts exercise jurisdiction in cases related to land, property and monetary transaction, arbitration, marriage, divorce, guardianship and will, etc.
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