With reference to the given picture, answer the following questions :

(a) The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and its aftermath.

(b) Why did USA drop atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

(c) Describe its effects on Japan and the World.

(a) After the fall of Germany and Italy, the Allies issued an ultimatum to Japan to surrender or to face destruction. Japan did not surrender, so two atom bombs were dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 1945. It destroyed half the city killing thousands of people. Despite the terrible destruction, the Japanese still refused to surrender. On August 9, 1945 another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. On September 2, 1945 Japan surrendered unconditionally. After six long years World War II came to an end.

(b) USA dropped atom bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to make Japan surrender.

(c) The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki had the following effects on Japan and the World:

1. Hundreds of thousands of people were injured and many died in Japan. The cities were completely destroyed, and Japan surrendered unconditionally, leading to the end of World War II.
2. It marked the first and only use of nuclear weapons in war.
3. It triggered a global nuclear arms race, especially during the Cold War.
4. It led to the creation of international organizations and treaties to prevent the spread and use of nuclear weapons.