History & Civics
With reference to the Lucknow Pact of 1916, answer the following questions :
(a) What were the terms of the Lucknow Pact?
(b) Why was this Pact important?
Mahatma Gandhi
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Answer
(a) The terms of the Lucknow Pact of 1916 are given below:
- Abolition of the Indian Council : The Council of the Secretary of State for India operating from England, shall be abolished.
- Governor — General's Executive Council : One-half of the members of the Governor-General's Executive Council shall be Indians, elected by the elected members of the Imperial Legislative Council.
- Imperial Legislative Council : The Imperial Legislative Council shall have 150 members. Four-fifth members of them shall be elected, but one-third of these shall be Muslims elected on the principle of separate electorates.
- Except in military and foreign affairs the Imperial Legislative Council shall have full control on the Government of India.
- The Autonomous Provinces : The Government of India shall not ordinarily interfere in the local affairs of the Provinces.
- Provincial Legislative Councils : Four-fifth members of the Provincial Legislative Councils shall be directly elected by the people on a broad franchise, but the Muslim members, as mutually agreed province by province, shall be elected by separate Muslim electorates. The Provincial Legislative Council shall have full control over the Provincial Government.
- Protecting Religious Interests : No Legislative Council shall proceed with a Bill or Resolution if 3/4th members of any community are opposed to it on the ground that it adversely affects its interests.
- Separation of Judiciary from Executive : The Judiciary in every province shall be placed under the Highest Court of the province. Executive officers in India shall have no judicial powers.
(b) Signing of the Lucknow Pact brought together the Congress and the Muslim League, and the Early Nationalists and the Assertive Nationalists as well. They pledged to work together to achieve a common goal.
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