History & Civics
With reference to the picture given here answer the following questions:
(a) Identify the personality given in the image. To which section of the Congress did he belong?
(b) Highlight any three of his contributions to the Indian freedom struggle.
(c) Explain briefly any three differences in the methods adopted between the Early Nationalists and Radicals, in the National Movement.
1ˢᵗ Phase of INM
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Answer
(a) The personality given in the image is Surendranath Banerjea. He belonged to the Early Nationalists (Moderates) section of the Congress.
(b) Three of his contributions to the Indian freedom struggle were:
- Founded the Indian Association in 1876 to promote political consciousness and national unity.
- Agitated against the Licence Act, Arms Act, Vernacular Press Act and reduction of the age limit for the ICS Examination.
- Opposed the Partition of Bengal (1905) and promoted Swadeshi and boycott of foreign goods.
(c) Three differences in the methods adopted by the Early Nationalists and the Radicals were:
- Early Nationalists believed in patience and conciliation; Radicals favoured confrontation and assertive action.
- Early Nationalists used petitions, prayers and constitutional methods; Radicals used Swadeshi, Boycott and Passive Resistance.
- Early Nationalists had faith in British justice and gradual reforms; Radicals had little faith in the British and demanded Swaraj through stronger methods.
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Related Questions
Mention any two methods of the Early Nationalists.
The period from 1885 to 1905 is called the period of the Early Nationalists. In this context, explain the following :
(a) Why is this period called the period of the Early Nationalists?
(b) Demands of the Early Nationalists
(c) Methods of the Early Nationalists
(d) Mention four basic beliefs of the early Nationalists.
Briefly explain the contributions made by each of the following to the National Movement:
(a) Dadabhai Naoroji
(b) Surendranath Banerjea
(c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
"…. the Indians who actively worked for the creation of an all-India political organisation represented new social forces that were increasingly opposed to the exploitation of India for British interests. They needed an organisation that would fight for India's political and economic advancement." —From "Freedom Struggle".
(a) In the context of the above, identify the two individuals in Pictures 1 and 2, who were the early leaders of the organisation to be formed.
(b) How did the person in Picture 1, explain the economic exploitation of India for British interest?
(c) State any two methods adopted by the Early Nationalists in the National Movement.