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Mathematics

(i) What should be subtracted from x + 2y - 3z to get 3x - 2y + z?

(ii) What should be subtracted from 2x2 - y2 + 4z2 to get x2 + y2 - z2?

(iii) What should be subtracted from 1 + x - x2 to get 2x + x2?

Algebraic Expressions

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Answer

(i) What should be subtracted from x + 2y - 3z to get 3x - 2y + z?

To find what must be subtracted from A to get B, we simply calculate A - B.

∴ Subtract 3x - 2y + z from x + 2y - 3z

x+2y3z+3x2y+z3x+2x+4y4z\begin{array}{rcccc} x & + & 2y & - & 3z \\ +3x & - & 2y & + & z \\ -\phantom{3x} & + & & - \\ \hline -2x & + & 4y & - & 4z \\ \hline \end{array}

∴ The required expression is -2x + 4y - 4z

(ii) What should be subtracted from 2x2 - y2 + 4z2 to get x2 + y2 - z2?

To find what must be subtracted from A to get B, we simply calculate A - B.

∴ Subtract x2 + y2 - z2 from 2x2 - y2 + 4z2

2x2y2+4z2+x2+y2z2x2+x22y2+5z2\begin{array}{rcccc} 2x^2 & - & y^2 & + & 4z^2 \\ +x^2 & + & y^2 & - & z^2 \\ -\phantom{x^2} & - & & + \\ \hline x^2 & - & 2y^2 & + & 5z^2 \\ \hline \end{array}

∴ The required expression is x2 - 2y2 + 5z2

(iii) What should be subtracted from 1 + x - x2 to get 2x + x2?

To find what must be subtracted from A to get B, we simply calculate A - B.

∴ Subtract 2x + x2 from 1 + x - x2

Arranging the expressions in ascending powers (starting with the constant) and use 0 as a placeholder for missing terms.

1+xx2+0+2x+x201x2x2\begin{array}{rcccc} 1 & + & x & - & x^2 \\ +0 & + & 2x & + & x^2 \\ -\phantom{0} & - & & - \\ \hline 1 & - & x & - & 2x^2 \\ \hline \end{array}

∴ The required expression is 1 - x - 2x2

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