The system of Teacher Education holds the key responsibility in the making of professionally qualified and competent teachers. An effective teacher must have a positive attitude towards teaching as a profession, commitment and dedication towards teaching as a function. A profession is a specialized occupation involves specific orientation and training.

The purpose of a code of professional ethics for academic staff is to provide guidance in exercising the ethical responsibilities inherent in a profession.

(a) State and explain any two external sources of recruitment for academic staff.

(b) Suggest any two types of training to enhance teacher's proficiency.

(c) Suggest any two primary professional obligations of school teachers towards students.

(a) Two external sources of recruitment for academic staff:

1. Advertisements — Vacancies for teaching staff can be advertised in leading newspapers, education journals, and online job portals. The advertisement specifies the qualifications, experience, and other requirements. Interested candidates evaluate themselves against the requirements and send their applications. This method ensures wide circulation and attracts qualified candidates from across the country.

2. Educational Institutions — Schools and colleges maintain close links with universities and teacher training institutes (such as B.Ed. and M.Ed. colleges). Bright students are spotted during their studies and offered teaching positions upon completion of their courses. This source, known as campus recruitment, is excellent for recruiting fresh and well-trained teachers.

(b) Two types of training to enhance teacher's proficiency:

1. Refresher Training — Refresher training is designed to teach teachers the latest developments in teaching methods, curriculum, and educational technology. Short-term refresher courses are organised to update their knowledge and avoid obsolescence. This type of training keeps teachers current with modern pedagogy and changing student needs.

2. Orientation Training — Orientation or induction training is given to newly recruited teachers to familiarise them with the school's policies, rules, regulations, curriculum, students, and colleagues. It helps new teachers adjust quickly to the work environment and become aware of the institution's values and expectations.

(c) Two primary professional obligations of school teachers towards students:

1. Imparting Quality Education — Teachers have a primary obligation to provide students with quality education by teaching with dedication, using effective methods, and ensuring that students understand the subject thoroughly.

2. Holistic Development — Teachers must contribute to the overall development of students — intellectual, emotional, social, and moral. They should encourage students, build their confidence, and guide them to become responsible citizens.