Chemistry
The gases chlorine, nitrogen, ammonia and sulphur dioxide are collected under the same conditions of temperature and pressure. The following table gives the volumes of gases collected and the number of molecules (x) in 20 litres of nitrogen. You are to complete the table giving the number of molecules in the other gases in terms of x.
| Gas | Volume (in litres) | Number of molecules |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorine | 10 | |
| Nitrogen | 20 | x |
| Ammonia | 20 | |
| Sulphur dioxide | 5 |
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Answer
| Gas | Volume (in litres) | Number of molecules |
|---|---|---|
| Chlorine | 10 | x/2 |
| Nitrogen | 20 | x |
| Ammonia | 20 | x |
| Sulphur dioxide | 5 | x/4 |
Reason — According to Avogadro's law, equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain same number of molecules. If 20 lit of nitrogen contains x molecules then 20 lit of ammonia will also contain x molecules. As volume of chlorine is half that of nitrogen so it will contain half the number of molecules of nitrogen i.e., x/2. Similarly, sulphur dioxide will contain x/4 molecules.
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