During his experiments with a single movable pulley, Jas determined the effort, mechanical advantage and efficiency as X, Y & Z, respectively. Subsequently, after lubricating the pulley thoroughly, he recalculated the effort, MA and efficiency. X', Y' & Z' respectively. Which of the following relationships accurately represents the scenario?

1. X' > X
2. Y' < Y
3. Z' > Z
4. Z' = Z

Assertion (A) : For a glass block, the i vs. r graph is a straight line.

Reason (R) : When a ray of light undergoes refraction, it follows Snell's law.

1. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
2. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
3. Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
4. Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Sumit, a teenager, enjoys playing his music loudly. However, his grandmother consistently lowers the volume of the music player. Analyze the wave to identify which characteristic of the wave has been altered when the grandmother reduces the volume.

1. The length PS becomes more.
2. The length SR becomes less.
3. The length QR becomes less.
4. The length PR becomes less.

Data:
mass =10 g
quantity of heat supplied =120 J
rise in temperature = 10 °C

Statement A : The heat capacity of the substance is 12 J/g.

Statement B : The specific heat capacity of the substance is 1.2 J/gK.

1. Only statement A is correct.
2. Only statement B is correct.
3. Both statements A and B are correct.
4. Both statements A and B are incorrect.