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History & Civics

With reference to Bhakti Movement, Sufism and Christianity, answer the following questions:

(a) Mention the teachings of Kabir as mentioned in the Bijak.

(b) State the significance of Sufism on Indian society.

(c) State any two contributions of Saint Francis Xavier in the advancement of Christianity in India.

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Answer

(a) The teachings of Kabir as mentioned in the Bijak are:

  1. There is only one God. He may be worshipped under many names.
  2. Devotion to God and good actions are the only means of salvation.
  3. One must be free from dishonesty, insincerity and hypocrisy to reach God.
  4. All men are equal before God.
  5. There are no caste distinction and no supremacy of the priestly class.
  6. He denounced idol worship and empty rituals.

(b) The significance of Sufism on Indian society:

  1. It fostered the feelings of Hindu-Muslim unity.
  2. Many principles of Sufism were similar to those of the Bhakti cult. It lead to the popularity of the Bhakti movement.
  3. Sufism played a great role in promoting feelings of tolerance among the rulers.
  4. People, irrespective of their religion, began to understand and appreciate others' faith.
  5. Sufism made its influence on the poets like Amir Khusro and Malik Mohammed Jayasi.

(c) Two contributions of Saint Francis Xavier in the advancement of Christianity in India are:

  1. He sent Missionaries to the principal centres of India to promote Christianity.
  2. He worked relentlessly for ten years in India and preached the essentials of Christianity. He brought out a manual of Grammar and a vocabulary which helped other Missionaries to learn the language of people of Malabar.

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