Chemistry
(a) Dilute nitric acid is generally considered a typical acid except for it's reaction with metals. In what way is dilute nitric acid different from other acids when it reacts with metals?
(b) Write the equation for the reaction of dilute nitric acid and conc. nitric acid with copper.
Nitric Acid
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Answer
(a) Dilute nitric acid is considered a typical acid except for it's reaction with metals since it does not liberate hydrogen. It is a powerful oxidising agent and the nascent oxygen formed oxidises the hydrogen to water.
3Cu + 8HNO3 ⟶ 3Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO
3Zn + 8HNO3 ⟶ 3Zn(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO
3Fe + 8HNO3 ⟶ 3Fe(NO3)2 + 4 H2O + 2NO
(b) Reaction with dil. HNO3:
3Cu + 8HNO3 ⟶ 3Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO
Reaction with conc. HNO3:
Cu + 4HNO3 (conc.) ⟶ Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2.
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Related Questions
(a) Mention three important uses of nitric acid. Give the property of nitric acid involved in the use.
(b) Explain with the help of a balanced equation, the brown ring test for nitric acid.
(c) Why is freshly prepared ferrous sulphate solution used for testing the nitrate radical in the brown ring test
The action of heat on the blue crystalline solid X, gives a reddish brown gas Y, a gas which re-lights a glowing splint and leaves a black residue. When gas Z, which has a rotten egg smell, is passed through a solution of X, a black ppt. is formed.
(a) Identify X, Y and Z.
(b) Write equation for action of heat on X.
(c) Write equation between solution of X and gas Z.
The figure given below illustrates the apparatus used in the laboratory preparation of nitric acid.
(a) Name A (a liquid), B (a solid) and C (a liquid). (Do not give the formulae).
(b) Write an equation to show how nitric acid undergoes decomposition.
(c) Write the equation for the reaction in which copper is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid.
With respect to the brown ring test for nitrates, explain :
(a) Freshly prepared ferrous sulphate is used.
(b) Brown ring disappear if the test tube is disturbed.
(c) Lead nitrate does not respond properly to the brown ring test.
Hint - Salt solution forming insoluble sulphates interfere with the result of the brown ring test.(d) What is the name and formula of the brown ring formed ?