History & Civics
Look at the picture and answer the following questions:
(i) Identify and briefly explain the incident given in the picture.
(ii) Mention any four conditions imposed on Germany in the Treaty of Versailles.
(iii) Name the organisation established to maintain peace after the First World War. Mention any three of its objectives.
Answer
(i) The picture shows the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, the Crown Prince of Austria and his wife at Sarajevo, by Gavrilo Princep, an Austrian subject. It became the immediate cause of the First World War.
- The assassin, Gavrilo Princep was an Austrian subject, but Serbia was blamed for Archduke's assassination.
- Austria sent an ultimatum to Serbia with many demands.
- The Serbian government refused to accept some of the demands and Austria declared war on Serbia on 28 July, 1914.
(ii) Four conditions imposed on Germany in the Treaty of Versailles are as follows:
- The area of the Rhine Valley was to be demilitarised and the German territory west of Rhine was to be occupied by the Allied Troops for 15 years.
- Germany lost Alsace Lorraine to France; Eupen-et-Malmedy to Belgium, Schleswig to Denmark. Danzig became a Free Port in the Polish territory.
- Germany ceded parts of her pre-War territory to Denmark, Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia and France.
- The coal mines in the German area called Saar were ceded to France for 15 years and the area was to be governed by the League of Nations.
(iii) League of Nations was established to maintain peace after the First World War.
Three objectives of League of Nations were as follows:
- All the States of the world were prohibited from entering into any secret treaties and alliances.
- The member-States were not supposed to maintain huge armies, warships and destructive armaments.
- All States were to respect each other's independence.
Related Questions
Nationalism refers to the feeling of oneness that emerges when people consider themselves as one nation. With reference to the growth of nationalism, answer the following:
(i) Name the founder of the Indian National Congress. Mention any two of its objectives.
(ii) How did the press contribute to the growth of nationalism?
(iii) Mention any four repressive policies of Lord Lytton.
Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow-
The movement had generated worldwide publicity, and British were looking for a way to end it. Gandhiji was released from custody in January 1931, and the two men began negotiating the terms of the pact. For many conservatives in England, the meetings and talks seemed unacceptable. They thought it was inappropriate for the Viceroy, who was the representative of the British Monarch, to receive their arch-enemy. Gandhiji was authorised by the then President of the Congress, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel, to negotiate with the Viceroy. He advised the nation to wait, watch, pray and hope for a better prospect for India. He was full of admiration for the people, their heroic struggle and hard suffering.
(Source: The Hindu)
(i) Who was the Viceroy who negotiated with Gandhiji? Name any two causes of the movement being discussed above.
(ii) Mention any three impacts of this movement.
(iii) As a consequence of this meeting, a pact was signed. Mention any four conditions that the Congress and the British Government agreed to according to this pact.
Look at the picture given and answer the following questions:
(i) Identify the leader in the above picture. Mention any two of his ideologies.
(ii) Mention any three causes for his rise to power.
(iii) What was the immediate cause of the Second World War? Mention any three reasons given by this leader to justify his action.
The United Nations Organisation aims to maintain international peace. With reference to its organs and agencies, answer the following:
(i) What is the composition of the International Court of Justice?
(ii) Mention any three functions of the Security Council.
(iii) Give the full form of UNICEF. Mention any three of its functions.