The IMD collates rainfall between June and September as SW monsoon. Answer the following question.

There have been regional imbalances in the rainfall received with several states having deficits: Manipur (-30%), Bihar (-26%), Punjab (-23%), and Himachal Pradesh (-21%). While the surplus is beneficial for India's overall water availability and agricultural output, states experiencing deficits may continue to face difficulties. With the help of an example explain what difficulties would these states face.

Study the picture on the right. Briefly explain what could be the cause of this calamity and what could be done to bring relief.

On my visit to the queen of the hills, the city of Nainital in the month of December, there was snowfall and I stayed indoors. I was thrilled but also amazed as to why it occurred when it was cold winters.

(i) What is the cause for the precipitation to occur at Nainital?

(ii) Explain the phenomenon which leads to the given situation.

At Lucknow, during the month of May, the hot dry season is characterized by a local wind, which increases the temperature for the city and keeps all the people mostly indoors during the afternoon.

(i) What type of local wind is discussed?

(ii) How is it responsible for the given climatic condition prevailing in the above-mentioned City?