Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow-

The movement had generated worldwide publicity, and British were looking for a way to end it. Gandhiji was released from custody in January 1931, and the two men began negotiating the terms of the pact. For many conservatives in England, the meetings and talks seemed unacceptable. They thought it was inappropriate for the Viceroy, who was the representative of the British Monarch, to receive their arch-enemy. Gandhiji was authorised by the then President of the Congress, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel, to negotiate with the Viceroy. He advised the nation to wait, watch, pray and hope for a better prospect for India. He was full of admiration for the people, their heroic struggle and hard suffering.

(Source: The Hindu)

(i) Who was the Viceroy who negotiated with Gandhiji? Name any two causes of the movement being discussed above.

(ii) Mention any three impacts of this movement.

(iii) As a consequence of this meeting, a pact was signed. Mention any four conditions that the Congress and the British Government agreed to according to this pact.

(i) The Viceroy who negotiated with Gandhiji was Lord Irwin. The movement being discussed in the excerpt is the Civil Disobedience Movement. Two causes of this movement were:

1. The Salt Tax — The British salt tax was a severe burden on the Indian population, particularly the poor.
2. Simon Commission — The commission, sent to India in 1928 to recommend constitutional reforms, was boycotted and widely criticized by Indians for its all-British composition.

(ii) The Civil Disobedience Movement had following three impacts:

1. Popularised Nonviolent Resistance — It made people understand the significance of the principles of non-violence. People could resist violence with tolerance and courage.
2. Widened base of the freedom struggle — A large number of social groups like merchants and shopkeepers, peasants, tribals and workers in different parts of the country were mobilised for the Indian national movement.
3. Participation of Women — It brought women out of their homes to participate in politics and to make them equal partners in the freedom struggle.

(iii) The pact signed as a consequence of this meeting is known as the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Four conditions that the Congress and the British Government agreed to according to this pact were:

1. Participation in Round Table Conference — The Indian National Congress agreed to take part in the second session of the Round Table Conference.
2. Suspend Civil Disobedience Movement — The Congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement.
3. Withdrawal of Ordinances — The British government agreed to withdraw all ordinances and end prosecution.
4. Removal of Salt Tax — The British government permitted free collection or manufacture of salt by persons near the seacoast.