Physics
A student traces the path of a ray of light through a glass prism for different angles of incidence. He analyses each diagram and draws the following conclusion:
I. On entering the prism, the light ray bends towards its base.
II. Light ray suffers refraction at the point of incidence and at the point of emergence while passing through the prism.
III. An emergent ray bends at a certain angle to the direction of the incident ray.
IV. While emerging from the prism at the second surface, the angle of refraction is less than the angle of incidence at that surface.
Which of the above inferences are correct?
- I, II and III
- I, III and IV
- II, III and IV
- All of these.
Refraction Plane Surfaces
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Answer
I, II and III
Reason
Conclusion I Correct: When light enters a denser medium from a rarer medium, it bends towards the normal due to refraction. In a prism, this causes the light to bend toward the base.
Conclusion II Correct:
Refraction occurs both at the entry and exit surfaces of the prism.
→ At the first surface (entry from air into glass), it bends towards the normal—because it's entering a denser medium.
→ At the second surface (exit from glass into air), it bends away from the normal—because it's emerging into a rarer medium.
Conclusion III. Correct:
The emergent ray deviates from the original path, forming an angle with the incident ray. This angle is called the angle of deviation.
conclusion IV Incorrect:
At the second surface (glass to air), light moves from denser to rarer medium, so it bends away from the normal. Hence, the angle of refraction is greater than the angle of incidence.
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