History & Civics
Using the following points, briefly describe the Mountbatten Plan of June, 1947 :
(a) Main clauses of the Mountbatten Plan.
(b) Why did the Congress and the Muslim League accept this plan?
India Independence
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Answer
(a) The main clauses of the Mountbatten Plan are given below:
- The country would be divided into two Dominions of India and Pakistan.
- Referendum was to be held in the province of NWFP so as to ascertain whether the people there wished to stay with the Union of India or Pakistan.
- The provinces of Assam, Bengal and Punjab were also to be divided.
- The Princely states would have the option to join either of the two Dominions of India or Pakistan
- The transfer of power was to be formalised on August 15, 1947.
(b) The Congress accepted the Mountbatten Plan because of the following reasons :
- The large scale violence and communal riots happening all over India.
- Bitter experience of working with the League in the Interim Government.
- India could not afford a Federation with a weak Union Government.
- A further delaying of Partition would have led to further continuation of the British Rule.
- Delay in Partition or transfer of power could lead to a civil war throughout India which it could ill afford.
The Muslim League accepted the Mountbatten Plan because it fulfilled their long-standing demand for a separate nation, Pakistan.
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