History & Civics
With reference to the First World War, answer the following questions:
(a) State any three consequences of the war.
(b) Mention three points under the Treaty of Versailles, which affected Germany.
(c) What were the objectives of the League of Nations? Name the organisation formed in October 1945 with objectives similar to those of the League of Nations.
1ˢᵗ World War
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Answer
(a) Three consequences of the First World war were as follows:
- Treaty of Versailles was signed between the Allies and Germany on June 28, 1919.
- Territorial rearrangements — it changed the political map of the world by giving a serious blow to monarchy and developed democracy in Europe. The treaty not only affected substantial territorial changes but also reduced the military strength of Germany.
- The war led to the formation of the League of Nations.
(b) Three points under the Treaty of Versailles, which affected Germany were-
- The area of the Rhine Valley was to be demilitarised and the German territory west of Rhine was to be occupied by the Allied Troops for 15 years.
- Germany lost Alsace Lorraine to France; Eupen-et-Malmedy to Belgium, Schleswig to Denmark. Danzig became a Free Port in the Polish territory.
- Germany ceded parts of her pre-War territory to Denmark, Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia and France.
(c) The objectives of the League of Nations were-
- All the States of the world were prohibited from entering into any secret treaties and alliances.
- The member-States were not supposed to maintain huge armies, warships and destructive armaments.
- All States were to respect each other's independence.
- All States were to refer their mutual disputes, if any, to the League of Nations for a peaceful settlement.
- The member-States were to take necessary action as directed by the League against any State which tried to disturb world peace and order.
- Apart from political functions, the League of Nations was supposed to promote cultural, social and economic cooperation among the member-States.
The United Nations was formed in October 1945 with objectives similar to those of the League of Nations.
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