History & Civics
The United Nations Organisation aims to maintain international peace. With reference to its organs and agencies, answer the following:
(i) What is the composition of the International Court of Justice?
(ii) Mention any three functions of the General Assembly.
(iii) Gujarat's famed garba dance received the intangible heritage tag. Which agency of the United Nations is authorized to give this tag? Mention any three other contributions of that agency in the preservation of culture.
Major Agencies of UNO
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Answer
(i) Composition of the International Court of Justice —
The Court is composed of 15 judges, each of different nationality elected to nine-year terms of office by the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council sitting independently of each other. Elections are held every three years for one-third of the seats, and retiring judges may be re-elected.
The Members of the Court do not represent their governments but are independent magistrates. The judges must possess the qualifications required in their respective countries for appointment to the highest judicial offices, or be jurists of recognised competence in international law. The composition of the Court has also to reflect the main forms of civilisation and the principal legal systems of the world.
The Court elects its President and Vice-President for a three-year term. They may, when their term expires, be re-elected. The Court has the power to appoint its Registrar.
(ii) Three functions of the General Assembly are:
- To consider and make recommendations on the principles of cooperation, in the maintenance of international peace and security.
- To consider and approve the budget of the United Nations and to apportion the contributions among members.
- To elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, and to elect the judges of the International Court of Justice.
(iii) The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is the agency authorized to designate intangible cultural heritage tag.
Three contributions of UNESCO in the preservation of culture are:
- UNESCO provides technical advice and assistance, equipment and funds for the preservation of monuments and other works of art. It has prepared a World Heritage List to identify the monuments and sites which are to be protected.
- It aims to protect the world inheritance of books, works of art and rare manuscripts.
- It gives encouragement to artistic creations in literature and fine arts.
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— The Marion (Ohio) Star [Edited]
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