History & Civics
The United Nations Organisation aims to maintain international peace. With reference to its organs and agencies, answer the following:
(i) What is the composition of the Security Council? What is the term of the non-permanent members?
(ii) Mention any three functions of the General Assembly.
(iii) Give the full form of UNESCO. Mention any three of its functions.
United Nations
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Answer
(i) The Security Council consists of 15 members.
- It has five permanent members —
- China
- France
- Russia
- Britain
- The United States of America
- The regional representation of the ten non-permanent members is:
- Afro-Asian countries — 5
- Latin American countries — 2
- West European and other countries — 2
- East European countries — 1.
- The ten non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly by a two-third majority for a term of two years.
- A retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.
- The Presidency of the Council rotates monthly, according to the English alphabetical listing of its member States.
(ii) Three functions of the General Assembly are:
- To consider and make recommendations on the principles of cooperation, in the maintenance of international peace and security.
- To consider and approve the budget of the United Nations and to apportion the contributions among members.
- To elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, and to elect the judges of the International Court of Justice.
(iii) UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
Three functions of UNESCO are:
- Removal of illiteracy by encouragement to adult education, distance-education and the open school system.
- It promotes basic research in fields like geology, mathematics, physics and oceanography. As a result, it finances engineering and technology schemes in a number of developing countries.
- It has set up regional networks, trained technicians and deals with both hardware and software aspects of informatics.
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