Europe — Location, Political Divisions and Physical Features

Tick the correct option

Question 1(a)

Unification of East and West Germany took place in

1. 1990
2. 1991
3. 1992
4. 1993

Answer

1990

Question 1(b)

Italian or Apennine peninsula is located in the

1. East of Europe
2. South of Europe
3. North of Europe
4. Western Europe

Answer

South of Europe.

Question 1(c)

The highest peak of Europe.

1. Mont Blanc
2. Alps
3. Mt. Elbrus
4. Ural

Answer

Mt. Elbrus

Question 1(d)

Which of the following lake is found in Europe?

1. Otava
2. Ladoga
3. Titicaca
4. Erie

Answer

Ladoga

Question 1(e)

Europe is separated from Africa by the Strait of

1. Gibraltar
2. Suez Canal
3. Palk Strait
4. Panama

Answer

Gibraltar

Question 1(f)

Europe lies in which thermal zone and hemisphere?

1. Tropical, southern.
2. Temperate, northern.
3. Temperate, southern.
4. Tropical, northern.

Answer

Temperate, northern.

Question 1(g)

The northernmost point of mainland Europe is located at ............... .

1. Cape Good Hope
2. Cape Nordkinn
3. Cape Roca
4. North Cape

Answer

Cape Nordkinn

Question 1(h)

A piece of land surrounded by water on three sides.

1. Island
2. Peninsula
3. Cape
4. Isthmus

Answer

Peninsula

Question 1(i)

Scotland, England and Wales make up

1. Nordic countries
2. Benelux countries
3. United Kingdom
4. Great Britain

Answer

Great Britain

Question 1(j)

Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg are together known as

1. Low countries
2. High countries
3. Middle countries
4. Special countries

Answer

Low countries

Question 1(k)

Spain, Portugal, Andorra, Part of France as well as the British overseas territory of Gibraltar form

1. Iberian Peninsula
2. Italian Peninsula.
3. Central Europe
4. Balkan states.

Answer

Iberian Peninsula.

Question 1(l)

The European Union came into being by the Treaty of

1. Bergen
2. Helsinki
3. Maastricht
4. Czech

Answer

Maastricht

Question 1(m)

A land of ten thousand lakes.

1. Sweden
2. Denmark
3. Norway
4. Finland

Answer

Finland

Question 1(n)

The highest peak in the Alps.

1. Mt. Etna
2. Mt. Blanc
3. Mt. Vesuvius
4. Mt. Elbrus

Answer

Mt. Blanc

Question 1(o)

Rivers of Scandinavian region are harnessed for

1. Hydroelectricity
2. Canal irrigation
3. Watershed management
4. Rainwater harvesting

Answer

Hydroelectricity

Exercise

Question 2

Answer in one word

(a) Deep inlets of sea lying between high cliffs.

(b) A shallow low lying area on the earth's surface.

(c) Chain of mountains formed due to compression.

(d) Land of thousand lakes.

(e) The longest river in Europe.

Answer

(a) Fjords

(b) Basin

(c) Fold mountains

(d) Finland

(e) Volga River

Question 3

Match the following:

Answer

Question 4

Give reasons

(a) Europe is called the peninsula of peninsulas.

(b) Finland is called 'the land of thousand' lakes.

(c) Europe is known as a dynamic continent.

Answer

(a) Europe looks like a peninsula extending westwards of the Asiatic Landmarks. Large arms of the Seas have penetrated deep into the land and have created smaller peninsulas. That is why Europe is called the "peninsula of peninsulas".

(b) Finland is called 'the land of thousand' lakes due to its abundance of lakes and water bodies. Finland has approximately 1,88,000 lakes, making it one of the most lake-rich regions in the world.

(c) Europe has been called a dynamic continent because it has always been home of inventions, discoveries and rapid rate of progress and has always influenced the world politically, economically and culturally.

Question 5(a)

State the location and extent of Europe.

Answer

Europe is the western most peninsula of the giant supercontinent Eurasia and the second smallest continent in the world. It lies entirely in the temperate zone of the Northern hemisphere and extends from the island nation of Iceland in the West to the Ural Mountains of Russia in the east. It extends from 36°N to 72°N latitude and approximately 25°W to 60°E longitude.

Question 5(b)

Name any two countries which are called Balkan states.

Answer

Two countries which are called Balkan states are:

1. Albania
2. Bosnia

Question 5(c)

Give two examples of new fold mountains in Europe.

Answer

The Alps and the Caucasus are the two examples of new fold mountains in Europe.

Question 5(d)

Name the lowland countries. Why are they called so?

Answer

Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg are together known as lowland countries. They are called so because they are made up of lowlands. Some parts of these countries lies below sea level.

Question 5(e)

Which country is called Holland? Where it is located?

Answer

Netherlands is also known as Holland. It is located in western europe, between Belgium and Germany.

Question 5(f)

Which countries occupy the Iberian Peninsula? Where is it located?

Answer

Spain, Portugal and Andorra occupy the Iberian Peninsula. It is located in the extreme south-west of Europe.

Question 5(g)

Name the countries which are included in the United Kingdom.

Answer

United Kingdom consists of:

1. England
2. Scotland
3. Wales
4. Northern Ireland

Question 5(h)

Name the three countries bordering the Baltic Sea.

Answer

Three countries bordering the Baltic Sea are:

1. Estonia
2. Latvia
3. Lithuania

Question 5(i)

What are the objectives of European Union? When was it formed?

Answer

European Union was formed for the purpose of achieving political and economic integration, reducing trade barriers and increasing cooperation among its members. Protection of natural environment and the exploitation of alternative energy sources have become the core vision for the development of Europe.

The European Union was formed on November 1st, 1993 by the Treaty of Maastricht.

Question 5(j)

Name the physiographic/physical divisions of Europe.

Answer

Europe can be divided into four major physical regions:

1. Northwestern highlands.
2. North European Plains or Central plains.
3. Central Uplands.
4. The Southern mountain system.