Multiple Choice Type
Question 1
Which one of the following pairs of nutrients includes both as simple sugars (monosaccharides)?
- Sugar and glucose
- Glucose and maltose
- Fructose and glucose ✓
- Maltose and lactose
Question 2
Which one of the following is the correct matching of a nutrient mineral element and its one rich source?
- Calcium - Potato
- Sodium – Citrus fruits
- Iodine – Dairy milk
- Potassium – Banana ✓
Question 3
Marasmus is due to deficiency of:
- Vitamin C
- Carbohydrates, fats and proteins ✓
- Fat ✓
- Food
Question 4
Fat soluble vitamins are:
- A, D and E ✓
- B, C and D
- B, D and E
- A, B and C
Question 5
Which of the following is the best source of vitamin A:
- Apple
- Honey
- Carrot ✓
- Peanuts
Question 6
Ascorbic acid is Vitamin :
- C ✓
- D
- B
- A
Very Short Answer Type
Question 1
Mention whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)
(a) Cellulose in our food passes out undigested
True
(b) Kwashiorkor is a severe vitamin deficiency disease
False
(c) Iron is required for the proper working of thyroid
False
(d) Foods protect us from disease and therefore antibiotics which protect us from disease are also foods.
False
(e) Mineral salts contribute in regulating body processes.
True
Question 2
Name the mineral element that is needed for the following respectively:
(i) Strong teeth
(ii) Proper working of thyroid
(iii) Synthesis of haemoglobin
Answer
The mineral element that are needed for the following are:
- Strong teeth — Fluorine
- Proper working of thyroid — Iodine
- Synthesis of haemoglobin — Iron
Question 3
Name the nutrients whose deficiencies cause the following diseases in humans:
- Pernicious anemia
- Pellagra
- Night blindness
- Goiter
- kwashiorkor
Answer
The nutrients whose deficiencies cause the following diseases are:
- Pernicious anemia — Vitamin B12
- Pellagra — Vitamin B3
- Night blindness — Vitamin A
- Goiter — Mineral Iodine
- kwashiorkor — Proteins
Question 4
Mark the odd one out in each of the following cases and name the category to which the others belong:
(i) Xerophthalmia, Marasmus, Pellagra, Scurvy.
(ii) Riboflavin, Thiamine, Folic acid, Iodine.
Answer
(i) In Xerophthalmia, Marasmus, Pellagra, Scurvy — Marasmus is the odd one out as it is a diseases caused by deficiency of Carbohydrates, fats and proteins whereas the others namely Xerophthalmia, Pellagra, Scurvy are vitamin deficiency diseases.
(ii) In Riboflavin, Thiamine, Folic acid, Iodine — Iodine is the odd one out as it is a mineral element whereas the others namely Riboflavin, Thiamine, Folic acid are Vitamins.
Short Answer Type
Question 1
Give two examples each of the following and their usefulness, if any, in our body.
- Monosaccharides
- Disaccharides
- Polysaccharides
Answer
- Monosaccharides:
Examples — Glucose, Fructose
Usefulness — Glucose provides an instant source of energy. Fructose enhances glucose metabolism and facilitates disposal of dietary carbohydrate load. - Disaccharides:
Examples — Sucrose, Lactose
Usefulness — Sucrose is the commercial sugar that is broken down into Glucose and Fructose by the body to provide the energy needed for physical and mental functions. Lactose is the natural sugar found in milk. Lactose acts as an excellent, slow release energy source and causes lesser tooth decay. - Polysaccharides:
Examples — Cellulose, Glycogen
Usefulness — Cellulose provides roughage for proper functioning of gut. Glycogen serves as a fuel reserve for the body. The controlled breakdown of glycogen and release of glucose increase the amount of glucose that is available between meals.
Question 2
Define and give one example of a balanced diet?
Answer
A balanced diet is one which contains all the principal constituents of food in proper quantity. It provides sufficient number of calories to the person depending on the person's age, gender, lifestyle and special needs. A balanced diet ensures healthy growth of the person and provides sufficient energy for efficient daily activities and functions.
An example of a balanced diet is a meal consisting of vegetables, fruits, grains, proteins, dairy and oils.
Question 3
A doctor advises a bone patient to include more of milk and milk products in his everyday food. Why so?
Answer
Bones are made of iron and calcium. Milk products and milk are rich in Vitamin A and Calcium. The doctor advises his patient to include milk and its products so that the bones and teeth get stronger. Milk inhibits the oxidation of Vitamin A. It contains calcium that aids in blood clotting.
Long Answer Type
Question 1
List the six main purposes for which food is required by the body.
Answer
Purpose for which food is needed by the body.
- Growth — Food is necessary for building new protoplasm or cells. This helps in the growth of an organism.
- Repair — Food provides material for the repair of worn-out or injured cells.
- Energy — We obtain energy from food. This energy is required for carrying out various life functions.
- Maintenance — Nutrients obtained through food help to maintain the chemical composition of cells.
- Provision of raw material — to manufacture various secretions namely, hormones, enzymes, milk, sweat etc.
- Protection — Food provides protection from infection and diseases.
Question 2
Why are proteins necessary in our food? Name one protein deficiency disease of young children.
Answer
Proteins are body building foods. They provide the chemical material for the growth and repair of body cells and tissues. During crisis, they also may get oxidized to release energy in the body. One protein deficiency disease of young children is Kwashiorkor.
Question 3
Taking the examples of whole grain atta, fruit and green leafy vegetables, describe how roughage in our diet is useful.
Answer
Whole grain aata, fruits and green leafy vegetables are the chief sources of roughage. The benefits of roughage are:
- It enables undigested food to move easily through the intestines.
- It stimulates secretion from the digestive tract.
- It helps in the removal of cholesterol and toxins.
- It prevents constipation as it absorbs water and retains it making the faecal matter soft.
- It simulates the muscle contraction in the intestinal wall, making the movement of faecal matter easy.
Structured / Application / Skill Type
Question 1
Given below is an incomplete table of vitamins, their rich sources and the related deficiency diseases. Fill in the blanks [(i)-(viii)] with only one suitable word for each.
Vitamin | Rich source | Deficiency disease |
---|---|---|
(i) ...... | Whole grain | Beri-beri |
Niacin | Milk | (ii) ...... |
(iii) ...... | (iv) ...... | Scurvy |
Calciferol | (v) ...... | (vi) ...... |
(vii) ...... | Carrot, yellow fruit | (viii) ...... |
Answer
Vitamin | Rich source | Deficiency disease |
---|---|---|
Thiamine | Whole grain | Beri-beri |
Niacin | Milk | Pellagra |
Ascorbic acid | Citrus fruit | Scurvy |
Calciferol | Fish liver oil | Rickets |
Retinol | Carrot, yellow fruit | Night blindness |
Question 2
Complete the following table by filling the blanks.
Mineral | Function | Rich source |
---|---|---|
Iodine | ...... | ...... |
...... | Formation of haemoglobin | ...... |
Calcium | ...... | ...... |
Potassium | ...... | ...... |
Answer
Mineral | Function | Rich source |
---|---|---|
Iodine | Facilitates the secretion of thyroxin hormone by the thyroid gland | Iodized salt, water, sea foods |
Iron | Formation of haemoglobin | Whole cereals, fish, nut, egg yolk, liver, kidney |
Calcium | Constituents of enamel, bones. Required for blood clotting, muscle contraction | Dairy food, beans, cabbage |
Potassium | Nerve and muscle activity, fluid balance, secretion of neurotransmitter | Banana, potato, citrus fruit |