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Physics

A ball of mass 0.5 kg slows down from a speed of 5ms-1 to that of 3ms-1. Calculate the change in kinetic energy of the ball.

Work, Energy & Power

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Answer

Given,

Mass = 0.5 kg

Initial velocity = 5 m / s

Final velocity of the ball = 3 m / s

Kinetic energy = 1 / 2 × mass × (velocity)2

Substituting the values in the equation we get,

Initial KE=12×0.5×52Initial KE=12×0.5×25Initial KE=6.25J\text{Initial KE} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 0.5 \times 5^2 \\[0.5em] \text{Initial KE} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 0.5 \times 25\\[0.5em] \Rightarrow \text{Initial KE} = 6.25 J

Final kinetic energy,

Final KE=12×0.5×32Final KE=12×0.5×9Final KE=2.25J\text{Final KE} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 0.5 \times 3^2 \\[0.5em] \text{Final KE} = \dfrac{1}{2} \times 0.5 \times 9 \\[0.5em] \Rightarrow \text{Final KE} = 2.25 J

So, change in the kinetic energy of the ball = 2.25 J – 6.25 J = – 4J

Hence, there is a decrease in the kinetic energy of the ball by 4J.

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