Chemistry
(a) What are the two main features of Rutherford's atomic model?
(b) State its one drawback.
Atomic Structure
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Answer
(a) The two main features of Rutherford's atomic model are:
- An atom consists of mainly two parts : the centrally located nucleus and the outer circular orbits.
- The nucleus is positively charged mass and the entire mass of the atom is concentrated on it. The size of the nucleus is very small and it is the densest part of the atom. Electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular orbits called shells. An atom is electrically neutral i.e., number of protons is equal to number of electrons.
(b) Rutherford could not explain the structural stability of an atom.
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Mention briefly the salient features of Dalton's atomic theory (five points).
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(a) According to the modern atomic model, what are the two main parts of which an atom is made of ?
(b) Where is the nucleus of an atom situated ?
(c) What are energy levels or shells of an atom ?
(a) State the rule according to which electrons are filled in various energy levels.
(b) Give the number of electrons that can be present in the first four shells of an atom using this rule.
(c) What is the maximum number of electrons present in the outermost (valence) shell ?