Geography
According to a World Bank Report, global waste will increase by 70 per cent by 2050 unless urgent action is taken. Suggest five measures to reduce accumulation of waste.
Waste Accumulation Impact
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Answer
Five measures to reduce accumulation of waste are:
- Implement comprehensive waste reduction and recycling programs to encourage waste separation and divert waste from landfills.
- Adopt extended producer responsibility (EPR) policies to hold manufacturers accountable for product lifecycle and promote sustainable design and disposal practices.
- Transition to a circular economy model that emphasizes reusing, repurposing, and refurbishing products, reducing waste generation.
- Conduct education and awareness campaigns to inform the public about responsible consumption, waste segregation and recycling techniques.
- Promote composting and organic waste management to divert organic waste from landfills and produce nutrient-rich compost for agricultural purposes.
These measures can help reduce waste accumulation, conserve resources and mitigate the environmental impact of waste generation.
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Delhi has a massive municipal solid waste management problem with the massive landfills at Ghazipur, Okhla and Bhalswa at the centre of the issue. Delhi generates 11,332 tonnes of solid waste every day according to the latest estimate by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD), even as the civic body said that 4,360 tonnes of this garbage ends up at the city's three landfill sites.
(Source: 22nd February 2023, Hindustan Times)
(a) What is the cause for the issue mentioned above?
(b) Mention the three different methods of treating waste of the given type?
(c) How can an individual reduce waste generation?
(d) How can Delhi manage its waste following the example of Indore?
City Population (in million) Total waste generated per day ('000 tonnes) Waste generation (kg per capita per day) Kolkata 6.3 2.3 0.36 Ahmedabad 7.7 4.2 0.54 Hyderabad 8.4 3.7 0.44 Chennai 8.6 4.5 0.52 Bangalore 14.1 3.7 0.26 Delhi 16.3 5.8 0.41 Mumbai 18.4 6.5 0.35 Source: Census 2011, CNCB report.
(a) The chart given above gives details of waste generation in big cities. According to a study conducted by IIT Kanpur, 15% of this waste can be collected by rag pickers. Write a note on the importance of rag pickers in reducing wastes.
(b) How can schools and educational institutions aid in reduction of waste?
(c) What can be the cause of lower per capita waste generation in
(i) Bengaluru
(ii) Mumbai(d) As a student of geography explain why the per capita generation of waste in Ahmedabad and Chennai is high.
Waste accumulation is the most visible form of pollution, which creates global environmental challenges. State any three such challenges and their probable remedies.