Chemistry
Define the following terms:
(a) Allotropy
(b) Carat
(c) Crystal
(d) Catenation
Carbon
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Answer
(a) Allotropy is defined as the phenomenon due to which an element exists in two or more forms in the same physical state with identical chemical properties but with different physical properties.
(b) The weight of a diamond is expressed in terms of carats, where 1 carat = 0.2 g.
(c) A crystal is a homogeneous solid in which particles are arranged in a definite pattern due to which they have a definite geometrical shape with a plane surface.
(d) Carbon atoms possess a unique property to link themselves together to form very long chains of different sizes which may be straight, branched or cyclic and this property is called catenation.
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Related Questions
Carbon forms innumerable compounds because
- it has four electrons in its outermost shell.
- it behaves as a metal as well as a non-metal.
- carbon atoms can form long chains.
- it combines with other elements to form covalent compounds.
Write True or False against the following statements:
(a) Carbon constitutes 0.03% of the earth's crust.
(b) Graphite is the purest form of carbon.
(c) Coloured diamonds are costlier than colourless and transparent diamonds.
(d) Graphite has layers of hexagonal carbon bondings.
(e) Diamond is insoluble in all solvents.
State the terms:
(a) Substances whose atoms or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern.
(b) Different forms of an element found in the same physical state.
(c) The property by which atoms of an element link together to form long chain or ring compounds.
Name the following:
(a) The hardest naturally occurring substance.
(b) A greyish black non-metal that is a good conductor of electricity.
(c) The third crystalline form of carbon.