History & Civics
Explain the discontent and disaffection in the Bengal Army that lead to the First War of Independence in 1857.
Revolt 1857
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Answer
- The name 'Bengal army' was a misnomer, because Bengal had nothing to do with the personnel of the army.
- The sepoys and officers of the Bengal army were mainly high-caste Hindus of Awadh.
- During Anglo-Afghan war (1839-1842), they had to cross the Sindhu and go outside India.
- They very much disliked it because they thought that sea voyage was forbidden by their religion.
- In 1844, some Bengal regiments refused to serve in Sindhu till extra allowances were given to them.
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Which was not a drain of wealth from India?
- Salaries of Englishmen
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Choose the options that were not a part of the Queen Victoria's Proclamation
P: All subjects of the Queen would be treated as equals.
Q: A general pardon to all those who were a part of the 1857 uprising.
R: Policy of non-intervention in social and religious matters.
S: Continue political expansion with the Doctrine of Lapse and Subsidiary Alliance.- P and Q
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- Q and S
Read the excerpt given below and answer the questions that follow:
"The sepoys are now enjoined to display communal harmony and exhorted to pray to their respective gods…. They are now called sipah-i-Hindostan (the Army of India) and there are appeals now to fellow countrymen "ahl-i watan", dear compatriots "aziz ham-watan" with specific exhortations for a united rallying of Hindus and Muslims."
— The Dehli Urdu Akhbar (the first Urdu weekly newspaper), June 1857(a) What was the policy that the British followed to dispel 'the communal harmony'?
(b) Briefly explain how the British unwittingly led to the united rallying of Hindus and Muslims by introducing the Enfield Rifle.
(c) How was the British army reorganised to avoid another uprising of this kind?