Chemistry
Give one chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.
(i) Zinc sulphate solution and zinc chloride solution
(ii) Iron (II) chloride soln. and iron (III) chloride soln.
(iii) Calcium nitrate soln. and calcium chloride soln.
Practical Chemistry
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Answer
(i) When BaCl2 soln. is added to ZnSO4, a white ppt. of BaSO4 is formed, whereas, no ppt. is formed in case of ZnCl2. Hence, the two solns. can be distinguished.
BaCl2 + ZnSO4 ⟶ BaSO4 ↓ [white ppt.] + ZnCl2
BaCl2 + ZnCl2 ⟶ No white ppt.
(ii) When NaOH soln. is added to the given solns., FeCl2 reacts to form a dirty green ppt. of Fe(OH)2 whereas, FeCl3 reacts to form a reddish brown ppt. of Fe(OH)3.
(iii) Add silver nitrate soln. to the given solns., calcium chloride reacts to form a white ppt. which is soluble in NH4OH and insoluble in dil. HNO3. The other soln. is calcium nitrate.
CaCl2 + 2AgNO3 ⟶ 2AgCl ↓ [white ppt.] + Ca(NO3)2
Ca(NO3)2 + AgNO3 ⟶ no white ppt.
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Question 2
Give a chemical test to distinguish between :
(a) Sodium chloride soln. and sodium nitrate soln.
(b) Hydrogen chloride gas and hydrogen sulphide gas.
(c) Calcium nitrate soln. and zinc nitrate soln.
(d) Carbon dioxide gas and sulphur dioxide gas.
(e) Sodium carbonate and sodium sulphite
(f) Ferrous nitrate and lead nitrate.
(g) Manganese dioxide and copper (Il) oxide.
(h) Sodium nitrate and sodium sulphite [using dilute sulphuric acid].
(i) Sodium chloride and sodium sulphide
(j) Sodium hydroxide solution and ammonium hydroxide solution.
(k) Ammonium sulphate and sodium sulphate.
(l) Sulphuric acid from nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
(m) Magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate solution
(n) Zinc sulphate solution and zinc chloride solution
(o) Iron (II) chloride soln. and iron (III) chloride soln.
(p) Calcium nitrate soln. and calcium chloride soln.