In the industrial method of preparation of hydrogen by the Bosch process - give

(a) Balanced equations for the first two main steps in the production of hydrogen

(b) The reason for use of addition of a promoter to the catalyst in the final step.

(c) The name of the solution which absorbs the unreacted carbon monoxide.

(a) Balanced equations for first two main steps of Bosch process:

Step I — Production of water gas

$\underset{\text{coke}}{\text{C}} + \underset{\text{steam}}{\text{H}$2\text{O}} \xrightarrow{1000 \degree \text{C}} \underset{\text{water gas}}{[\text{CO} + \text{H}2 ]} - \Delta

Step II — Reduction of steam to hydrogen by carbon monoxide

$\underset{\text{water gas}}{[\text{CO} + \text{H}$2 ]} + \underset{\text{excess steam}}{\text{H}2\text{O}} \xrightarrow[\text{Fe}2\text{O}3]{450 \degree \text{C}} \text{CO}2 + 2\text{H}2 + \Delta

(b) Promoter increases the efficiency of the catalyst.

(c) Ammoniacal cuprous chloride solution [CuCl].