History & Civics
With reference to the picture given below, answer the questions that follow :
(a) Identify and name the person.
(b) What changes in administration were brought about by the Queen's proclamation of 1858?
(c) Describe the reorganisation of the army envisaged in the Queen's proclamation.
Revolt 1857
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Answer
(a) The given picture shows Queen Victoria from England.
(b) The changes in administration brought about by the Queen's proclamation of 1858 are:
- In 1858, the British crown took direct control, ending the rule of the East India Company. The Board of Control was abolished and the Board of Directors was stripped of all it powers. A Secretary of State was appointed to look after the administration of India.
- A 15 member Council, eight of whose members were appointed by the Queen and seven by the Directors of the Company, was constituted to aid and advise the Secretary of State. His office was in London but all his expenditures were met by the Indian Government.
- The Governor-General became the Viceroy, representing the crown.
- The British government thought it wise to follow the policy of appeasent towards the Indian princes and decided to honour all the treaties previously made with the East India Company.
(c) The army was reorganised in the following ways:
- After the Uprising it was laid as a principle that in no case the number of the Indian sepoys would exceed twice that of the European troops. Also, they were forbidden to enter into any relations with any native or foreign power without the consent of the British Government.
- The Company's army was amalgamated with the British Crown's army.
- After the Uprising, Indian officers were never placed in charge of ammunition, nor were they allowed to use more sophisticated weapons of war.
- It was decided to mix the soldiers belonging to different castes and practising different faiths in the same armies, so that unity and nationalism did not develop among them. Besides, the Indian sepoys were stationed in cantonments away from the civil areas where they would not come in contact with the common people.
- A European soldier got salary 4 to 5 times more than an Indian sepoy. It was, therefore, natural that an increase in the number of European soldiers resulted in a proportionate increase in the expenditure.
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Related Questions
Discuss the changes brought by the Great Uprising of 1857 in the army with reference to:
(a) amalgamation of troops of the Crown and the Company.
(b) number of European troops.
(c) artillery and other effective weapons.
(d) expenditure on the army.
Discuss the changes brought by the Great Uprising of 1857 in the policy of the British Government in the social, religious and economic fields with reference to:
(a) religious freedom.
(b) admittance of Indians to service.
(c) relations between the Europeans and the Indians.
(d) economic exploitation.
Describe briefly the Great Uprising of 1857 with reference to:
(a) the Company's rule in India.
(b) rise of nationalism.
(c) policy of 'Divide and Rule'.
(d) change in the nature of the British rule.
The Great Uprising of 1857 was an important event which produced far-reaching results for freedom. Explain with reference to the following points :
(a) The changes introduced in the administrative set up of the British territory in India.
(b) The rights granted to the Indian princes and people.