With reference to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution, answer the following :

(a) What is the basis of its incorporation in the Constitution?

(b) What is the significance of 'We the People' in the Preamble?

(c) What are the objectives of our Constitution?

(a) The Preamble is an introductory part of the Constitution, though not an operative part. It not only declares the form of the provisions but also the main objectives of the Indian Republic. The Constitution of the Republic of India is introduced to us through a wisely formulated Preamble.

(b) The phrase "We, the People of India" holds profound significance in the Preamble and the Constitution as a whole. It serves as a source of authority.

1. The words "We, the People" assert that the Constitution derives its authority from the people of India, not from any external power or monarch. This emphasizes the sovereignty of the people in a democratic system.
2. It also implies that the people of India, regardless of caste, creed, religion, or region, are united in the common goal of nation-building.
3. It shows that the Constitution of India is an instrument of self-governance, freely adopted by the citizens of India.

(c) The objectives of our Constitution are:

1. Sovereign — India is free to manage its internal matters without any foreign interference. Its external policy is guided solely by its own interests, not influenced by any superpower.
2. Socialist — The word 'Socialist' emphasises the nation's commitment to equitable distribution of wealth and freedom from all forms of exploitation.
3. Secular — 'Secular' means all religions command equal respect and recognition from the State. Everyone is equal before law, and enjoys equal rights, no matter to which faith, caste, colour, or creed they belong.
4. Democratic — A system where power is vested in the people, exercised through elections and participation.
5. Republic — A republic is a nation which has an elected person as the Head of the State with no hereditary rights. Our President is elected indirectly.
6. Justice — Justice is the principle of treating everyone at par without any privilege or prejudice.
7. Liberty — The term 'liberty' means freedom — freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship.
8. Equality — There can be no liberty without equality, so the Preamble of the Indian Constitution also lays emphasis on equality along with liberty.
9. Fraternity — Fraternity means brotherhood. One may belong to any part of the country but he/she is an Indian first and his/her regional identity comes second.
10. Integrity — Integrity refers to the territorial unity of the country and the moral and ethical integrity of its citizens: No one should undermine the respect and honour of the country.